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The interference of copper, iron and aluminum with hydrogen peroxide and its effects on reductive leaching of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2.

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Title: The interference of copper, iron and aluminum with hydrogen peroxide and its effects on reductive leaching of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2.
Authors: Chernyaev, Alexander1 (AUTHOR) alexander.chernyaev@aalto.fi, Zou, Yuanmin1 (AUTHOR), Wilson, Benjamin P.1 (AUTHOR), Lundström, Mari1 (AUTHOR) mari.lundstrom@aalto.fi
Source: Separation & Purification Technology. Jan2022, Vol. 281, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Hydrogen peroxide, Leaching, Copper, Aluminum, Reducing agents, Iron
Abstract: • Cu reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ with 78% efficiency. • Al reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ with 100% efficiency. • Cu exhibited faster reduction kinetics but less efficiency compared to Al. • H 2 O 2 was over-consumed due to reactions with Cu, Fe2+ and Fe3+. • Similar tendency in reduction phenomena were verified also in NMC leaching. Copper and iron are known to be effective alternative reducing agents to H 2 O 2 in Li-ion battery leaching. The aim of this work is to study the effect of added H 2 O 2 on its overconsumption to the side reactions such as oxidation of copper, iron, and aluminum in leaching of NMC 111 active material. The interactions between the reducing agents separately were first investigated (T = 30 °C, [H 2 SO 4 ] = 2 M, t = 120 min). Elemental copper was found to be a less efficient reducing agent (78%) compared to aluminum (100%) in terms of Fe3+ reduced to Fe2+. Nevertheless, copper exhibited much higher rate of iron reduction than aluminum. Additionally, aqueous copper ions were found to cement on aluminum surface and redissolve in the presence of iron, thus acting as the metallic reducing agent. In contrast, in the presence of H 2 O 2 ferrous iron and copper were rapidly oxidized resulting in the consumption of all reducing agents. These effects were confirmed also during the leaching of NMC (T = 30 °C, [H 2 SO 4 ] = 1.5 M, t = 120 min), which demonstrated that the leaching efficiency markedly decreased (∼63%) in the presence of H 2 O 2 and Cu when compared to H 2 O 2 alone (∼78%). Furthermore, results from NMC leaching showed that when copper-iron reductant or H 2 O 2 were added separately, a much higher leaching efficiency was achieved (∼66% and ∼78%, respectively) in contrast to being added together (∼58%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
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  Data: The interference of copper, iron and aluminum with hydrogen peroxide and its effects on reductive leaching of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chernyaev%2C+Alexander%22">Chernyaev, Alexander</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> alexander.chernyaev@aalto.fi</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zou%2C+Yuanmin%22">Zou, Yuanmin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wilson%2C+Benjamin+P%2E%22">Wilson, Benjamin P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lundström%2C+Mari%22">Lundström, Mari</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mari.lundstrom@aalto.fi</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Separation+%26+Purification+Technology%22">Separation & Purification Technology</searchLink>. Jan2022, Vol. 281, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrogen+peroxide%22">Hydrogen peroxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Leaching%22">Leaching</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Copper%22">Copper</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aluminum%22">Aluminum</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reducing+agents%22">Reducing agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron%22">Iron</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Cu reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ with 78% efficiency. • Al reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ with 100% efficiency. • Cu exhibited faster reduction kinetics but less efficiency compared to Al. • H 2 O 2 was over-consumed due to reactions with Cu, Fe2+ and Fe3+. • Similar tendency in reduction phenomena were verified also in NMC leaching. Copper and iron are known to be effective alternative reducing agents to H 2 O 2 in Li-ion battery leaching. The aim of this work is to study the effect of added H 2 O 2 on its overconsumption to the side reactions such as oxidation of copper, iron, and aluminum in leaching of NMC 111 active material. The interactions between the reducing agents separately were first investigated (T = 30 °C, [H 2 SO 4 ] = 2 M, t = 120 min). Elemental copper was found to be a less efficient reducing agent (78%) compared to aluminum (100%) in terms of Fe3+ reduced to Fe2+. Nevertheless, copper exhibited much higher rate of iron reduction than aluminum. Additionally, aqueous copper ions were found to cement on aluminum surface and redissolve in the presence of iron, thus acting as the metallic reducing agent. In contrast, in the presence of H 2 O 2 ferrous iron and copper were rapidly oxidized resulting in the consumption of all reducing agents. These effects were confirmed also during the leaching of NMC (T = 30 °C, [H 2 SO 4 ] = 1.5 M, t = 120 min), which demonstrated that the leaching efficiency markedly decreased (∼63%) in the presence of H 2 O 2 and Cu when compared to H 2 O 2 alone (∼78%). Furthermore, results from NMC leaching showed that when copper-iron reductant or H 2 O 2 were added separately, a much higher leaching efficiency was achieved (∼66% and ∼78%, respectively) in contrast to being added together (∼58%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Separation & Purification Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119903
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: N.PAG
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      – SubjectFull: Hydrogen peroxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Leaching
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Copper
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aluminum
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reducing agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iron
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The interference of copper, iron and aluminum with hydrogen peroxide and its effects on reductive leaching of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2.
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            NameFull: Chernyaev, Alexander
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            NameFull: Zou, Yuanmin
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            NameFull: Wilson, Benjamin P.
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            NameFull: Lundström, Mari
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            – D: 15
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2022
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              Y: 2022
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              Value: 281
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            – TitleFull: Separation & Purification Technology
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