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Passive Radar STAP Detection and DoA Estimation Under Antenna Calibration Errors.

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Title: Passive Radar STAP Detection and DoA Estimation Under Antenna Calibration Errors.
Authors: Blasone, Giovanni Paolo1 (AUTHOR), Colone, Fabiola1 (AUTHOR), Lombardo, Pierfrancesco1 (AUTHOR), Wojaczek, Philipp2 (AUTHOR), Cristallini, Diego2 (AUTHOR)
Source: IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems. Oct2021, Vol. 57 Issue 5, p2725-2742. 18p.
Subjects: Passive radar, Bistatic radar, Antennas (Electronics), Calibration, Mobile operating systems, Radar antennas, Multichannel communication
Abstract: This article addresses the problem of clutter cancelation for slowly moving target detection and localization in multichannel passive radar onboard mobile platforms. A post-Doppler space-time adaptive processing (STAP) approach is exploited in the case of an angle-dependent imbalance affecting the receiving channels. While the clutter suppression capability is ensured by the adaptivity of space-time filtering, different solutions are compared, aimed at recovering the detection performance losses associated with channel calibration errors. A space-time generalized-likelihood ratio test (GLRT) scheme is considered, where the steering vector is not specified in the spatial domain, resulting in a noncoherent integration of target echoes across the receiving channels. This is compared with a fully coherent GLRT scheme where echoes from the stationary scene are exploited for the proper calibration of spatial steering vector mismatch. The first scheme proves to be a simple solution for target detection in the passive radar case, offering comparable clutter cancelation capability. The second scheme, at the expense of an additional stage, offers slightly better detection performance and preserves target direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation capability. Finally, the STAP scheme is employed for the maximum-likelihood estimation of target DoA, evaluating the role of the steering vector calibration against the negative impact of channel imbalance. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is tested against both simulated and experimental data from a DVB-T-based mobile passive radar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Passive Radar STAP Detection and DoA Estimation Under Antenna Calibration Errors.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blasone%2C+Giovanni+Paolo%22">Blasone, Giovanni Paolo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colone%2C+Fabiola%22">Colone, Fabiola</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lombardo%2C+Pierfrancesco%22">Lombardo, Pierfrancesco</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wojaczek%2C+Philipp%22">Wojaczek, Philipp</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cristallini%2C+Diego%22">Cristallini, Diego</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22IEEE+Transactions+on+Aerospace+%26+Electronic+Systems%22">IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems</searchLink>. Oct2021, Vol. 57 Issue 5, p2725-2742. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Passive+radar%22">Passive radar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bistatic+radar%22">Bistatic radar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antennas+%28Electronics%29%22">Antennas (Electronics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calibration%22">Calibration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+operating+systems%22">Mobile operating systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radar+antennas%22">Radar antennas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multichannel+communication%22">Multichannel communication</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This article addresses the problem of clutter cancelation for slowly moving target detection and localization in multichannel passive radar onboard mobile platforms. A post-Doppler space-time adaptive processing (STAP) approach is exploited in the case of an angle-dependent imbalance affecting the receiving channels. While the clutter suppression capability is ensured by the adaptivity of space-time filtering, different solutions are compared, aimed at recovering the detection performance losses associated with channel calibration errors. A space-time generalized-likelihood ratio test (GLRT) scheme is considered, where the steering vector is not specified in the spatial domain, resulting in a noncoherent integration of target echoes across the receiving channels. This is compared with a fully coherent GLRT scheme where echoes from the stationary scene are exploited for the proper calibration of spatial steering vector mismatch. The first scheme proves to be a simple solution for target detection in the passive radar case, offering comparable clutter cancelation capability. The second scheme, at the expense of an additional stage, offers slightly better detection performance and preserves target direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation capability. Finally, the STAP scheme is employed for the maximum-likelihood estimation of target DoA, evaluating the role of the steering vector calibration against the negative impact of channel imbalance. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches is tested against both simulated and experimental data from a DVB-T-based mobile passive radar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems is the property of IEEE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1109/TAES.2021.3061803
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 2725
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Passive radar
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bistatic radar
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antennas (Electronics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calibration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mobile operating systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radar antennas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multichannel communication
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Passive Radar STAP Detection and DoA Estimation Under Antenna Calibration Errors.
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            NameFull: Blasone, Giovanni Paolo
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            NameFull: Colone, Fabiola
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            NameFull: Lombardo, Pierfrancesco
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            NameFull: Wojaczek, Philipp
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            NameFull: Cristallini, Diego
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2021
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              Y: 2021
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              Value: 57
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