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The impact of mobile demersal fishing on carbon storage in seabed sediments.

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Title: The impact of mobile demersal fishing on carbon storage in seabed sediments.
Authors: Epstein, Graham1 (AUTHOR) g.epstein@exeter.ac.uk, Middelburg, Jack J.2 (AUTHOR), Hawkins, Julie P.1 (AUTHOR), Norris, Catrin R.1 (AUTHOR), Roberts, Callum M.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Global Change Biology. May2022, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p2875-2894. 20p.
Subjects: Ocean bottom, Marine sediments, Atmospheric carbon dioxide, Sediments, Fishing, Dredging (Fisheries)
Abstract: Subtidal marine sediments are one of the planet's primary carbon stores and strongly influence the oceanic sink for atmospheric CO2. By far the most widespread human activity occurring on the seabed is bottom trawling/dredging for fish and shellfish. A global first‐order estimate suggested mobile demersal fishing activities may cause 0.16–0.4 Gt of organic carbon (OC) to be remineralized annually from seabed sediment carbon stores (Sala et al., 2021). There are, however, many uncertainties in this calculation. Here, we discuss the potential drivers of change in seabed sediment OC stores due to mobile demersal fishing activities and conduct a literature review, synthesizing studies where this interaction has been directly investigated. Under certain environmental settings, we hypothesize that mobile demersal fishing would reduce OC in seabed stores due to lower production of flora and fauna, the loss of fine flocculent material, increased sediment resuspension, mixing and transport and increased oxygen exposure. Reductions would be offset to varying extents by reduced faunal bioturbation and community respiration, increased off‐shelf transport and increases in primary production from the resuspension of nutrients. Studies which directly investigated the impact of demersal fishing on OC stocks had mixed results. A finding of no significant effect was reported in 61% of 49 investigations; 29% reported lower OC due to fishing activities, with 10% reporting higher OC. In relation to remineralization rates within the seabed, four investigations reported that demersal fishing activities decreased remineralization, with three reporting higher remineralization rates. Patterns in the environmental and experimental characteristics between different outcomes were largely indistinct. More evidence is urgently needed to accurately quantify the impact of anthropogenic physical disturbance on seabed carbon in different environmental settings and to incorporate full evidence‐based carbon considerations into global seabed management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The impact of mobile demersal fishing on carbon storage in seabed sediments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Global+Change+Biology%22">Global Change Biology</searchLink>. May2022, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p2875-2894. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean+bottom%22">Ocean bottom</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Marine+sediments%22">Marine sediments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+carbon+dioxide%22">Atmospheric carbon dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sediments%22">Sediments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fishing%22">Fishing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dredging+%28Fisheries%29%22">Dredging (Fisheries)</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Subtidal marine sediments are one of the planet's primary carbon stores and strongly influence the oceanic sink for atmospheric CO2. By far the most widespread human activity occurring on the seabed is bottom trawling/dredging for fish and shellfish. A global first‐order estimate suggested mobile demersal fishing activities may cause 0.16–0.4 Gt of organic carbon (OC) to be remineralized annually from seabed sediment carbon stores (Sala et al., 2021). There are, however, many uncertainties in this calculation. Here, we discuss the potential drivers of change in seabed sediment OC stores due to mobile demersal fishing activities and conduct a literature review, synthesizing studies where this interaction has been directly investigated. Under certain environmental settings, we hypothesize that mobile demersal fishing would reduce OC in seabed stores due to lower production of flora and fauna, the loss of fine flocculent material, increased sediment resuspension, mixing and transport and increased oxygen exposure. Reductions would be offset to varying extents by reduced faunal bioturbation and community respiration, increased off‐shelf transport and increases in primary production from the resuspension of nutrients. Studies which directly investigated the impact of demersal fishing on OC stocks had mixed results. A finding of no significant effect was reported in 61% of 49 investigations; 29% reported lower OC due to fishing activities, with 10% reporting higher OC. In relation to remineralization rates within the seabed, four investigations reported that demersal fishing activities decreased remineralization, with three reporting higher remineralization rates. Patterns in the environmental and experimental characteristics between different outcomes were largely indistinct. More evidence is urgently needed to accurately quantify the impact of anthropogenic physical disturbance on seabed carbon in different environmental settings and to incorporate full evidence‐based carbon considerations into global seabed management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Global Change Biology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/gcb.16105
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Marine sediments
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      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric carbon dioxide
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      – SubjectFull: Sediments
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      – SubjectFull: Fishing
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      – SubjectFull: Dredging (Fisheries)
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      – TitleFull: The impact of mobile demersal fishing on carbon storage in seabed sediments.
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              Text: May2022
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