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Vaccination of household chickens results in a shift in young children's diet and improves child growth in rural Kenya.

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Title: Vaccination of household chickens results in a shift in young children's diet and improves child growth in rural Kenya.
Authors: Otiang, Elkanah1,2,3 elotiang@gmail.com, Yoder, Jonathan4,5, Manian, Shanthi4,5, Campbell, Zoë A.6, Thumbi, Samuel M.1,2,3,4, Njagi, Lucy W.1, Nyaga, Philip N.1, Palmer, Guy H.3,4,7 gpalmer@wsu.edu
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 6/14/2022, Vol. 119 Issue 24, p1-12. 27p.
Subjects: Growth of children, Rural children, Farm income, Households, Newcastle disease, Eggs, Food relief, Support groups
Geographic Terms: Kenya, Sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract: Childhood growth faltering remains unacceptably high in sub-Saharan Africa. Rural communities dependent on household food production with limited off-farm income or liquid assets to bridge seasonal food availability are especially vulnerable. A cross-sectional survey in Siaya County, Kenya identified 23.5 and 4.8% of children under 5 y of age as stunted and wasted, respectively, using height-for-age Z (HAZ) scores to detect stunting and weight-for-height Z (WHZ) scores for wasting. Although these households are classified as living in poverty or extreme poverty with very limited off-farm income, households commonly have on-farm resources that could be developed to improve nutrition. While 95% of these households have chickens and consumption of eggs was shown to increase childhood growth by an average of 5%, the average flock size is small and constrained by high mortality due to infectious disease. We hypothesized that interventions to relieve this constraint would translate into household decisions influencing the diets and growth of children. Here, we show that vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease has a causal impact on children's consumption of animal source foods rich in protein and micronutrients relative to a high-carbohydrate, grain-based diet. Children in treatment households (chicken vaccination) showed overall increases in scores for both HAZ and WHZ relative to control households, benefiting both girls and boys. The findings demonstrate the impact of directing interventions at common on-farm assets managed by women in rural communities and support programs to enhance productivity at the household level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Vaccination of household chickens results in a shift in young children's diet and improves child growth in rural Kenya.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Otiang%2C+Elkanah%22">Otiang, Elkanah</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo><i> elotiang@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yoder%2C+Jonathan%22">Yoder, Jonathan</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manian%2C+Shanthi%22">Manian, Shanthi</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campbell%2C+Zoë+A%2E%22">Campbell, Zoë A.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thumbi%2C+Samuel+M%2E%22">Thumbi, Samuel M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Njagi%2C+Lucy+W%2E%22">Njagi, Lucy W.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nyaga%2C+Philip+N%2E%22">Nyaga, Philip N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Palmer%2C+Guy+H%2E%22">Palmer, Guy H.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4,7</relatesTo><i> gpalmer@wsu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America%22">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</searchLink>. 6/14/2022, Vol. 119 Issue 24, p1-12. 27p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Growth+of+children%22">Growth of children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rural+children%22">Rural children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Farm+income%22">Farm income</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Households%22">Households</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Newcastle+disease%22">Newcastle disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eggs%22">Eggs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+relief%22">Food relief</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Support+groups%22">Support groups</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kenya%22">Kenya</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sub-Saharan+Africa%22">Sub-Saharan Africa</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Childhood growth faltering remains unacceptably high in sub-Saharan Africa. Rural communities dependent on household food production with limited off-farm income or liquid assets to bridge seasonal food availability are especially vulnerable. A cross-sectional survey in Siaya County, Kenya identified 23.5 and 4.8% of children under 5 y of age as stunted and wasted, respectively, using height-for-age Z (HAZ) scores to detect stunting and weight-for-height Z (WHZ) scores for wasting. Although these households are classified as living in poverty or extreme poverty with very limited off-farm income, households commonly have on-farm resources that could be developed to improve nutrition. While 95% of these households have chickens and consumption of eggs was shown to increase childhood growth by an average of 5%, the average flock size is small and constrained by high mortality due to infectious disease. We hypothesized that interventions to relieve this constraint would translate into household decisions influencing the diets and growth of children. Here, we show that vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease has a causal impact on children's consumption of animal source foods rich in protein and micronutrients relative to a high-carbohydrate, grain-based diet. Children in treatment households (chicken vaccination) showed overall increases in scores for both HAZ and WHZ relative to control households, benefiting both girls and boys. The findings demonstrate the impact of directing interventions at common on-farm assets managed by women in rural communities and support programs to enhance productivity at the household level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1073/pnas.2122389119
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 27
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Growth of children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rural children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Farm income
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Households
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Newcastle disease
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eggs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food relief
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Support groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kenya
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      – SubjectFull: Sub-Saharan Africa
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              Text: 6/14/2022
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