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Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction MRI: Techniques and applications.

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Title: Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction MRI: Techniques and applications.
Authors: Jiang, Dengrong1 (AUTHOR), Lu, Hanzhang1,2,3 (AUTHOR) hanzhang.lu@jhu.edu
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Aug2022, Vol. 88 Issue 2, p575-600. 26p.
Subjects: Magnetic resonance imaging, Cerebral circulation, Oxygen in the blood, Magnetic susceptibility, Brain diseases
Abstract: The human brain constitutes 2% of the body's total mass but uses 20% of the oxygen. The rate of the brain's oxygen utilization can be derived from a knowledge of cerebral blood flow and the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Therefore, OEF is a key physiological parameter of the brain's function and metabolism. OEF has been suggested to be a useful biomarker in a number of brain diseases. With recent advances in MRI techniques, several MRI‐based methods have been developed to measure OEF in the human brain. These MRI OEF techniques are based on the T2 of blood, the blood signal phase, the magnetic susceptibility of blood‐containing voxels, the effect of deoxyhemoglobin on signal behavior in extravascular tissue, and the calibration of the BOLD signal using gas inhalation. Compared to 15O PET, which is considered the "gold standard" for OEF measurement, MRI‐based techniques are non‐invasive, radiation‐free, and are more widely available. This article provides a review of these emerging MRI‐based OEF techniques. We first briefly introduce the role of OEF in brain oxygen homeostasis. We then review the methodological aspects of different categories of MRI OEF techniques, including their signal mechanisms, acquisition methods, and data analyses. The strengths and limitations of the techniques are discussed. Finally, we review key applications of these techniques in physiological and pathological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction MRI: Techniques and applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+Dengrong%22">Jiang, Dengrong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Hanzhang%22">Lu, Hanzhang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hanzhang.lu@jhu.edu</i>
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  Data: The human brain constitutes 2% of the body's total mass but uses 20% of the oxygen. The rate of the brain's oxygen utilization can be derived from a knowledge of cerebral blood flow and the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Therefore, OEF is a key physiological parameter of the brain's function and metabolism. OEF has been suggested to be a useful biomarker in a number of brain diseases. With recent advances in MRI techniques, several MRI‐based methods have been developed to measure OEF in the human brain. These MRI OEF techniques are based on the T2 of blood, the blood signal phase, the magnetic susceptibility of blood‐containing voxels, the effect of deoxyhemoglobin on signal behavior in extravascular tissue, and the calibration of the BOLD signal using gas inhalation. Compared to 15O PET, which is considered the "gold standard" for OEF measurement, MRI‐based techniques are non‐invasive, radiation‐free, and are more widely available. This article provides a review of these emerging MRI‐based OEF techniques. We first briefly introduce the role of OEF in brain oxygen homeostasis. We then review the methodological aspects of different categories of MRI OEF techniques, including their signal mechanisms, acquisition methods, and data analyses. The strengths and limitations of the techniques are discussed. Finally, we review key applications of these techniques in physiological and pathological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.29272
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic susceptibility
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              Text: Aug2022
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              Y: 2022
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