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Sunlight-Powered Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction Catalysed by Plasmonic Au/TiO 2 Nanocatalysts: Effects of Au Particle Size on the Activity and Selectivity.

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Title: Sunlight-Powered Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction Catalysed by Plasmonic Au/TiO 2 Nanocatalysts: Effects of Au Particle Size on the Activity and Selectivity.
Authors: Volders, Jordi1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Elen, Ken1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Raes, Arno4,5 (AUTHOR), Ninakanti, Rajeshreddy4,5 (AUTHOR), Kelchtermans, An-Sofie1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Sastre, Francesc6 (AUTHOR), Hardy, An1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Cool, Pegie7 (AUTHOR), Verbruggen, Sammy W.4,5 (AUTHOR), Buskens, Pascal1,6 (AUTHOR) pascal.buskens@tno.nl, Van Bael, Marlies K.1,2,3 (AUTHOR) pascal.buskens@tno.nl
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Dec2022, Vol. 12 Issue 23, p4153. 13p.
Subjects: Water gas shift reactions, Nanoparticles, Gold nanoparticles, Gold clusters, Plasmonics, Titanium dioxide, Photothermal effect, Catalyst selectivity
Abstract: This study reports the low temperature and low pressure conversion (up to 160 °C, p = 3.5 bar) of CO2 and H2 to CO using plasmonic Au/TiO2 nanocatalysts and mildly concentrated artificial sunlight as the sole energy source (up to 13.9 kW·m−2 = 13.9 suns). To distinguish between photothermal and non-thermal contributors, we investigated the impact of the Au nanoparticle size and light intensity on the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. A comparative study between P25 TiO2-supported Au nanocatalysts of a size of 6 nm and 16 nm displayed a 15 times higher activity for the smaller particles, which can only partially be attributed to the higher Au surface area. Other factors that may play a role are e.g., the electronic contact between Au and TiO2 and the ratio between plasmonic absorption and scattering. Both catalysts displayed ≥84% selectivity for CO (side product is CH4). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the catalytic activity of Au/TiO2 increases exponentially with increasing light intensity, which indicated the presence of a photothermal contributor. In dark, however, both Au/TiO2 catalysts solely produced CH4 at the same catalyst bed temperature (160 °C). We propose that the difference in selectivity is caused by the promotion of CO desorption through charge transfer of plasmon generated charges (as a non-thermal contributor). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Sunlight-Powered Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction Catalysed by Plasmonic Au/TiO 2 Nanocatalysts: Effects of Au Particle Size on the Activity and Selectivity.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Volders%2C+Jordi%22">Volders, Jordi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Elen%2C+Ken%22">Elen, Ken</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raes%2C+Arno%22">Raes, Arno</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ninakanti%2C+Rajeshreddy%22">Ninakanti, Rajeshreddy</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kelchtermans%2C+An-Sofie%22">Kelchtermans, An-Sofie</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sastre%2C+Francesc%22">Sastre, Francesc</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hardy%2C+An%22">Hardy, An</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cool%2C+Pegie%22">Cool, Pegie</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Verbruggen%2C+Sammy+W%2E%22">Verbruggen, Sammy W.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buskens%2C+Pascal%22">Buskens, Pascal</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pascal.buskens@tno.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+Bael%2C+Marlies+K%2E%22">Van Bael, Marlies K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pascal.buskens@tno.nl</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Dec2022, Vol. 12 Issue 23, p4153. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+gas+shift+reactions%22">Water gas shift reactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoparticles%22">Nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gold+nanoparticles%22">Gold nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gold+clusters%22">Gold clusters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plasmonics%22">Plasmonics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+dioxide%22">Titanium dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photothermal+effect%22">Photothermal effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalyst+selectivity%22">Catalyst selectivity</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study reports the low temperature and low pressure conversion (up to 160 °C, p = 3.5 bar) of CO2 and H2 to CO using plasmonic Au/TiO2 nanocatalysts and mildly concentrated artificial sunlight as the sole energy source (up to 13.9 kW·m−2 = 13.9 suns). To distinguish between photothermal and non-thermal contributors, we investigated the impact of the Au nanoparticle size and light intensity on the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. A comparative study between P25 TiO2-supported Au nanocatalysts of a size of 6 nm and 16 nm displayed a 15 times higher activity for the smaller particles, which can only partially be attributed to the higher Au surface area. Other factors that may play a role are e.g., the electronic contact between Au and TiO2 and the ratio between plasmonic absorption and scattering. Both catalysts displayed ≥84% selectivity for CO (side product is CH4). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the catalytic activity of Au/TiO2 increases exponentially with increasing light intensity, which indicated the presence of a photothermal contributor. In dark, however, both Au/TiO2 catalysts solely produced CH4 at the same catalyst bed temperature (160 °C). We propose that the difference in selectivity is caused by the promotion of CO desorption through charge transfer of plasmon generated charges (as a non-thermal contributor). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/nano12234153
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 4153
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Water gas shift reactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gold nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gold clusters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plasmonics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Titanium dioxide
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      – SubjectFull: Photothermal effect
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      – SubjectFull: Catalyst selectivity
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      – TitleFull: Sunlight-Powered Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction Catalysed by Plasmonic Au/TiO 2 Nanocatalysts: Effects of Au Particle Size on the Activity and Selectivity.
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2022
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