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Detection and alterations of acetylcarnitine (AC) in human liver by 1H MRS at 3T after supplementation with l‐carnitine.

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Title: Detection and alterations of acetylcarnitine (AC) in human liver by 1H MRS at 3T after supplementation with l‐carnitine.
Authors: Savic, Dragana1,2 (AUTHOR) dr.dragana.savich@gmail.com, Mózes, Ferenc E.1 (AUTHOR), Green, Peregrine G.1 (AUTHOR), Burrage, Matthew K.1,3 (AUTHOR), Kjær, Mette Skalshøi4 (AUTHOR), Hodson, Leanne2,5 (AUTHOR), Neubauer, Stefan1 (AUTHOR), Pavlides, Michael1,5,6 (AUTHOR), Valkovič, Ladislav1,7 (AUTHOR)
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Apr2023, Vol. 89 Issue 4, p1314-1322. 9p.
Subjects: Carnitine, Dietary supplements, Fatty liver, Liver
Abstract: Purpose: Acetylcarnitine can be assessed in vivo using proton MRS (1H‐MRS) with long TEs and this has been previously applied successfully in muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate a 1H‐MRS technique for liver acetylcarnitine quantification in healthy humans before and after l‐carnitine supplementation. Method: Baseline acetylcarnitine levels were quantified using a STEAM sequence with prolonged TE in 15 healthy adults. Using STEAM with four different TEs was evaluated in phantoms. To assess reproducibility of the measurements, five of the participants had repeated 1H‐MRS without receiving l‐carnitine supplementation. To determine if liver acetylcarnitine could be changed after l‐carnitine supplementation, acetylcarnitine was quantified 2 h after intravenous l‐carnitine supplementation (50 mg/kg body weight) in the other 10 participants. Hepatic lipids were also quantified from the 1H‐MRS spectra. Results: There was good separation between the acetylcarnitine and fat in the phantoms using TE = 100 ms. Hepatic acetylcarnitine levels were reproducible (coefficient of reproducibility = 0.049%) and there was a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the relative abundance after a single supplementation of l‐carnitine. Hepatic allylic, methyl, and methylene peaks were not altered by l‐carnitine supplementation in healthy volunteers. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that our 1H‐MRS technique could be used to measure acetylcarnitine in the liver and detect changes following intravenous supplementation in healthy adults despite the presence of lipids. Our techniques should be explored further in the study of fatty liver disease, where acetylcarnitine is suggested to be altered due to hepatic inflexibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Detection and alterations of acetylcarnitine (AC) in&#160;human&#160;liver by &lt;superscript&gt;1&lt;/superscript&gt;H MRS at 3T after supplementation with&#160;l‐carnitine.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine%22&quot;&gt;Magnetic Resonance in Medicine&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Apr2023, Vol. 89 Issue 4, p1314-1322. 9p.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Carnitine%22&quot;&gt;Carnitine&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Dietary+supplements%22&quot;&gt;Dietary supplements&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Fatty+liver%22&quot;&gt;Fatty liver&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Liver%22&quot;&gt;Liver&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Acetylcarnitine can be assessed in vivo using proton MRS (1H‐MRS) with long TEs and this has been previously applied successfully in muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate a 1H‐MRS technique for liver acetylcarnitine quantification in healthy humans before and after l‐carnitine supplementation. Method: Baseline acetylcarnitine levels were quantified using a STEAM sequence with prolonged TE in 15 healthy adults. Using STEAM with four different TEs was evaluated in phantoms. To assess reproducibility of the measurements, five of the participants had repeated 1H‐MRS without receiving l‐carnitine supplementation. To determine if liver acetylcarnitine could be changed after l‐carnitine supplementation, acetylcarnitine was quantified 2 h after intravenous l‐carnitine supplementation (50 mg/kg body weight) in the other 10 participants. Hepatic lipids were also quantified from the 1H‐MRS spectra. Results: There was good separation between the acetylcarnitine and fat in the phantoms using TE = 100 ms. Hepatic acetylcarnitine levels were reproducible (coefficient of reproducibility = 0.049%) and there was a significant (p &lt; 0.001) increase in the relative abundance after a single supplementation of l‐carnitine. Hepatic allylic, methyl, and methylene peaks were not altered by l‐carnitine supplementation in healthy volunteers. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that our 1H‐MRS technique could be used to measure acetylcarnitine in the liver and detect changes following intravenous supplementation in healthy adults despite the presence of lipids. Our techniques should be explored further in the study of fatty liver disease, where acetylcarnitine is suggested to be altered due to hepatic inflexibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.29544
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Carnitine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dietary supplements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fatty liver
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      – SubjectFull: Liver
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      – TitleFull: Detection and alterations of acetylcarnitine (AC) in human liver by 1H MRS at 3T after supplementation with l‐carnitine.
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              Text: Apr2023
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