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Investigation of coated FeCr steels for application as solid oxide fuel cell interconnects under dual-atmosphere conditions.

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Title: Investigation of coated FeCr steels for application as solid oxide fuel cell interconnects under dual-atmosphere conditions.
Authors: Reddy, Mareddy Jayanth1 (AUTHOR), Visibile, Alberto1 (AUTHOR), Svensson, Jan-Erik1 (AUTHOR), Froitzheim, Jan1 (AUTHOR) jan.froitzheim@chalmers.se
Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. May2023, Vol. 48 Issue 38, p14406-14417. 12p.
Subjects: Solid oxide fuel cells, Ferritic steel, Ferric oxide, Steel
Abstract: Dual-atmosphere conditions are detrimental for the ferritic stainless steel interconnects used in solid oxide fuel cells, resulting in non-protective oxide scale growth on the air side. In this paper, low-cost steels AISI 441 and AISI 444 and the tailor-made Crofer 22 APU, were investigated at 800 °C and 600 °C under dual-atmosphere conditions: air-3%H 2 O on one side and Ar-5%H 2 -3%H 2 O on the other side. At 800 °C, the uncoated and Ce/Co-coated steels formed protective layers of (Cr,Mn) 3 O 4 /Cr 2 O 3 and (Co,Mn) 3 O 4 /Cr 2 O 3 respectively on the air side after 336 h. However, at 600 °C, the Ce/Co-coated AISI 441 and AISI 444 showed ∼20–25 μm thick Fe 2 O 3 /(Fe,Cr) 3 O 4 oxide scale on the air side after 336 h. Ce/Co coated Crofer 22 APU remained protective after 772 h at 600 °C, indicating better resistance to the dual-atmosphere. The effect of Ce/Co coatings on the air side and the need for coatings on the fuel side are discussed and compared with experimental data. [Display omitted] • The Ce/Co-coated steels 441, 444 and Crofer 22 APU form a protective oxide scale at 800 °C under dual-atmosphere conditions. • The Ce/Co-coating eliminates the observed differences in oxide scale thicknesses for the uncoated steels at 800 °C. • The oxide scales on the fuel side (uncoated) vary in thickness among the selected steels. • At 600 °C, the coated steels 441 and 444 form non-protective oxides, while the coated Crofer 22 APU remains protective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Dual-atmosphere conditions are detrimental for the ferritic stainless steel interconnects used in solid oxide fuel cells, resulting in non-protective oxide scale growth on the air side. In this paper, low-cost steels AISI 441 and AISI 444 and the tailor-made Crofer 22 APU, were investigated at 800 °C and 600 °C under dual-atmosphere conditions: air-3%H 2 O on one side and Ar-5%H 2 -3%H 2 O on the other side. At 800 °C, the uncoated and Ce/Co-coated steels formed protective layers of (Cr,Mn) 3 O 4 /Cr 2 O 3 and (Co,Mn) 3 O 4 /Cr 2 O 3 respectively on the air side after 336 h. However, at 600 °C, the Ce/Co-coated AISI 441 and AISI 444 showed ∼20–25 μm thick Fe 2 O 3 /(Fe,Cr) 3 O 4 oxide scale on the air side after 336 h. Ce/Co coated Crofer 22 APU remained protective after 772 h at 600 °C, indicating better resistance to the dual-atmosphere. The effect of Ce/Co coatings on the air side and the need for coatings on the fuel side are discussed and compared with experimental data. [Display omitted] • The Ce/Co-coated steels 441, 444 and Crofer 22 APU form a protective oxide scale at 800 °C under dual-atmosphere conditions. • The Ce/Co-coating eliminates the observed differences in oxide scale thicknesses for the uncoated steels at 800 °C. • The oxide scales on the fuel side (uncoated) vary in thickness among the selected steels. • At 600 °C, the coated steels 441 and 444 form non-protective oxides, while the coated Crofer 22 APU remains protective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03603199
DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.11.278