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Raman-IR spectroscopic, and XRD analysis of selected samples from Fogo Island, Cabo Verde: Implications for ancient Martian volcanology.

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Title: Raman-IR spectroscopic, and XRD analysis of selected samples from Fogo Island, Cabo Verde: Implications for ancient Martian volcanology.
Authors: Aznar, M.1 (AUTHOR), Sanz-Arranz, A.2 (AUTHOR), Shkolyar, S.3,4,5 (AUTHOR), Sawyers, E.R.6 (AUTHOR), Konstantinidis, M.7,8 (AUTHOR), Lopez-Reyes, G.2 (AUTHOR), Veneranda, M.2 (AUTHOR), Lymer, E.A.6 (AUTHOR), Freemantle, J.R.6 (AUTHOR), Daly, M.G.6 (AUTHOR), Cloutis, E.A.9 (AUTHOR), Rull-Perez, F.2 (AUTHOR), Martinez-Frias, J.10,11 (AUTHOR), Lalla, E.A.1,6,12 (AUTHOR) elalla@yorku.ca
Source: Advances in Space Research. Jun2023, Vol. 71 Issue 11, p4860-4876. 17p.
Subjects: Volcanology, X-ray diffraction, Martian surface, Raman lasers, Muscovite, Apatite, Olivine
Geographic Terms: Fogo Island (N.L. : Island), Cabo Verde
Abstract: • Chã das Caldeiras eruptions as analogue for ancient Mars. • XRD, FTIR and Raman characterization of mineral phases. • Fogo Island as candidate for the Planetary Terrestrial Analog Library (PTAL) Several space missions from NASA, and ESA have visited and will land on Mars in the search for life. The last mission to arrive was the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover on 18 February 2021. The next mission to Mars will be ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover, expected to touch down sometime after 2028. Both Mars2020 and ExoMars are equipped with Raman spectroscopic systems: SuperCam and SHERLOC on Perseverance, and Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) on Rosalind Franklin (RF). These instruments will be tasked with identifying rocks, minerals, and potential organic biosignatures on the Martian surface. There are many challenges associated with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of resulting data received from current missions on Mars. It is our belief that studies of new terrestrial Martian analogues can help to overcome these challenges. Here, we introduce Chã das Caldeiras Outcrop, Fogo Island, Cabo Verde as a new volcanic terrestrial analog for Mars. We sampled several areas of relevance in Chã das Caldeiras and conducted a complete band analysis of Raman spectra for targets from this site. Additional analyses included ATR-FTIR and XRD. We detected several pyroxene types (augite and diopside) and plagioclase feldspar species (orthoclase, bytownite, sanidine, albite, and anorthite), olivine (forsterite), oxides (magnetite), and leucite. The alteration and secondary minerals detected were carbonates (calcite and dolomite), oxides (goethite, anatase, and hematite), spinel (chromite), phosphate (apatite), various clays, and zeolites (chabazite and muscovite and analcime). We present the Chã das Caldeiras site as a possible new volcanic analogue for Mars given: 1) the similarities to other volcanic places in the Canary Islands; 2) the exclusive geological evolution that is only present in the volcanic emplacement from the Macaronecia-group; 3) the pristine quality of the samples from the outcrop as well as the alteration volcanic minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Raman-IR spectroscopic, and XRD analysis of selected samples from Fogo Island, Cabo Verde: Implications for ancient Martian volcanology.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aznar%2C+M%2E%22">Aznar, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanz-Arranz%2C+A%2E%22">Sanz-Arranz, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shkolyar%2C+S%2E%22">Shkolyar, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sawyers%2C+E%2ER%2E%22">Sawyers, E.R.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Konstantinidis%2C+M%2E%22">Konstantinidis, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>7,8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lopez-Reyes%2C+G%2E%22">Lopez-Reyes, G.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Veneranda%2C+M%2E%22">Veneranda, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lymer%2C+E%2EA%2E%22">Lymer, E.A.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freemantle%2C+J%2ER%2E%22">Freemantle, J.R.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daly%2C+M%2EG%2E%22">Daly, M.G.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cloutis%2C+E%2EA%2E%22">Cloutis, E.A.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rull-Perez%2C+F%2E%22">Rull-Perez, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martinez-Frias%2C+J%2E%22">Martinez-Frias, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>10,11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lalla%2C+E%2EA%2E%22">Lalla, E.A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6,12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> elalla@yorku.ca</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Space+Research%22">Advances in Space Research</searchLink>. Jun2023, Vol. 71 Issue 11, p4860-4876. 17p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Volcanology%22">Volcanology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+diffraction%22">X-ray diffraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martian+surface%22">Martian surface</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Raman+lasers%22">Raman lasers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Muscovite%22">Muscovite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Apatite%22">Apatite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Olivine%22">Olivine</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fogo+Island+%28N%2EL%2E+%3A+Island%29%22">Fogo Island (N.L. : Island)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cabo+Verde%22">Cabo Verde</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Chã das Caldeiras eruptions as analogue for ancient Mars. • XRD, FTIR and Raman characterization of mineral phases. • Fogo Island as candidate for the Planetary Terrestrial Analog Library (PTAL) Several space missions from NASA, and ESA have visited and will land on Mars in the search for life. The last mission to arrive was the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover on 18 February 2021. The next mission to Mars will be ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover, expected to touch down sometime after 2028. Both Mars2020 and ExoMars are equipped with Raman spectroscopic systems: SuperCam and SHERLOC on Perseverance, and Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) on Rosalind Franklin (RF). These instruments will be tasked with identifying rocks, minerals, and potential organic biosignatures on the Martian surface. There are many challenges associated with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of resulting data received from current missions on Mars. It is our belief that studies of new terrestrial Martian analogues can help to overcome these challenges. Here, we introduce Chã das Caldeiras Outcrop, Fogo Island, Cabo Verde as a new volcanic terrestrial analog for Mars. We sampled several areas of relevance in Chã das Caldeiras and conducted a complete band analysis of Raman spectra for targets from this site. Additional analyses included ATR-FTIR and XRD. We detected several pyroxene types (augite and diopside) and plagioclase feldspar species (orthoclase, bytownite, sanidine, albite, and anorthite), olivine (forsterite), oxides (magnetite), and leucite. The alteration and secondary minerals detected were carbonates (calcite and dolomite), oxides (goethite, anatase, and hematite), spinel (chromite), phosphate (apatite), various clays, and zeolites (chabazite and muscovite and analcime). We present the Chã das Caldeiras site as a possible new volcanic analogue for Mars given: 1) the similarities to other volcanic places in the Canary Islands; 2) the exclusive geological evolution that is only present in the volcanic emplacement from the Macaronecia-group; 3) the pristine quality of the samples from the outcrop as well as the alteration volcanic minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.013
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 4860
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Volcanology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: X-ray diffraction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Martian surface
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Raman lasers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Muscovite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Apatite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Olivine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fogo Island (N.L. : Island)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cabo Verde
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Raman-IR spectroscopic, and XRD analysis of selected samples from Fogo Island, Cabo Verde: Implications for ancient Martian volcanology.
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              Text: Jun2023
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