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Experimental Study on the Influence of Temperature on Rock Salt Creep.

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Title: Experimental Study on the Influence of Temperature on Rock Salt Creep.
Authors: Dong, Zhikai1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Yinping1,2,3 (AUTHOR) ypli@whrsm.ac.cn, Li, Haoran4 (AUTHOR), Wang, Ziheng4 (AUTHOR), Shi, Xilin1,2,5 (AUTHOR) xlshi@whrsm.ac.cn, Chen, Xiangsheng6 (AUTHOR), Lu, Qingfeng5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering. May2023, Vol. 56 Issue 5, p3499-3518. 20p.
Subjects: Rock creep, Rock salt, Acoustic emission, Low temperatures, Creep (Materials), Temperature
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Constructing salt cavern gas storage in the ultra-deep strata more than 2000 m in depth is an important strategic technologic development in China. A primary issue is that higher temperature affects the creep behaviors of the surrounding rock. In this paper, triaxial creep tests of rock salt under multi-stage temperatures were carried out to study the influence of temperature on the creep behaviors of rock salt. Synchronous acoustic emission monitoring was performed throughout the creep test to study the microcracks characteristics of rock salt during creep at different temperatures. The results show that the duration of transient creep decreases with the increase of temperature. The steady-state creep rate increases with the increase of temperature. Temperature rise prompts the creep of rock salt to enter the volume dilatation stage. By analyzing the acoustic emission energy/counts, it is found that the microcracks generated during the creep at high temperature are few, but there are more at low temperature. Microcracks are generated intensively during rising temperatures. By analyzing the characteristics of the acoustic emission spectrum, it is found that when the temperature is low, the cracks generated are mainly intergranular cracks with a larger size, and they are mainly intragranular cracks with a smaller size when the temperature is high. The research in this paper is helpful to further understand the creep properties of ultra-deep rock salt and provides an important basis for the design, construction, and operation of gas storage salt caverns. Highlights: The influence of temperature on the creep of rock salt was studied by performing multistage temperature creep tests. The microcracks characteristics of rock salt during creep at different temperatures were studied using acoustic emission technology. The duration of transient creep phase decreases with the increase of temperature. The steady-state creep rate increases exponentially with the increase of temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Experimental Study on the Influence of Temperature on Rock Salt Creep.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dong%2C+Zhikai%22">Dong, Zhikai</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Yinping%22">Li, Yinping</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ypli@whrsm.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Haoran%22">Li, Haoran</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Ziheng%22">Wang, Ziheng</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shi%2C+Xilin%22">Shi, Xilin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xlshi@whrsm.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Xiangsheng%22">Chen, Xiangsheng</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Qingfeng%22">Lu, Qingfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Rock+Mechanics+%26+Rock+Engineering%22">Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering</searchLink>. May2023, Vol. 56 Issue 5, p3499-3518. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rock+creep%22">Rock creep</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rock+salt%22">Rock salt</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acoustic+emission%22">Acoustic emission</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Low+temperatures%22">Low temperatures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Creep+%28Materials%29%22">Creep (Materials)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature%22">Temperature</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Constructing salt cavern gas storage in the ultra-deep strata more than 2000 m in depth is an important strategic technologic development in China. A primary issue is that higher temperature affects the creep behaviors of the surrounding rock. In this paper, triaxial creep tests of rock salt under multi-stage temperatures were carried out to study the influence of temperature on the creep behaviors of rock salt. Synchronous acoustic emission monitoring was performed throughout the creep test to study the microcracks characteristics of rock salt during creep at different temperatures. The results show that the duration of transient creep decreases with the increase of temperature. The steady-state creep rate increases with the increase of temperature. Temperature rise prompts the creep of rock salt to enter the volume dilatation stage. By analyzing the acoustic emission energy/counts, it is found that the microcracks generated during the creep at high temperature are few, but there are more at low temperature. Microcracks are generated intensively during rising temperatures. By analyzing the characteristics of the acoustic emission spectrum, it is found that when the temperature is low, the cracks generated are mainly intergranular cracks with a larger size, and they are mainly intragranular cracks with a smaller size when the temperature is high. The research in this paper is helpful to further understand the creep properties of ultra-deep rock salt and provides an important basis for the design, construction, and operation of gas storage salt caverns. Highlights: The influence of temperature on the creep of rock salt was studied by performing multistage temperature creep tests. The microcracks characteristics of rock salt during creep at different temperatures were studied using acoustic emission technology. The duration of transient creep phase decreases with the increase of temperature. The steady-state creep rate increases exponentially with the increase of temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Rock Mechanics & Rock Engineering is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00603-023-03219-0
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
        StartPage: 3499
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Rock creep
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rock salt
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acoustic emission
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Low temperatures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Creep (Materials)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Experimental Study on the Influence of Temperature on Rock Salt Creep.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
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