Use of Nickel Oxide Catalysts (Bunsenites) for In-Situ Hydrothermal Upgrading Process of Heavy Oil.

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Title: Use of Nickel Oxide Catalysts (Bunsenites) for In-Situ Hydrothermal Upgrading Process of Heavy Oil.
Authors: Alonso, Jiménez Padilla Pedro1 (AUTHOR), Djimasbe, Richard1 (AUTHOR) richarddjimasbe@yahoo.fr, Zairov, Rustem2,3 (AUTHOR), Yuan, Chengdong1 (AUTHOR), Al-Muntaser, Ameen A.1 (AUTHOR), Stepanov, Alexey3 (AUTHOR), Nizameeva, Guliya4 (AUTHOR), Dovzhenko, Alexey2,3 (AUTHOR), Suwaid, Muneer A.1 (AUTHOR), Varfolomeev, Mikhail A.1,2 (AUTHOR) richarddjimasbe@yahoo.fr, Zinnatullin, Almaz L.5 (AUTHOR) almaz.zinnatullin@gmail.com
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Apr2023, Vol. 13 Issue 8, p1351. 18p.
Subjects: Water gas shift reactions, Heavy oil, Nickel catalysts, Nickel oxide, Nickel oxides, Petroleum, Atomic force microscopy
Abstract: In this study, Nickel oxide-based catalysts (NixOx) were synthesized and used for the in-situ upgrading process of heavy crude oil (viscosity 2157 mPa·s, and API gravity of 14.1° at 25 °C) in aquathermolysis conditions for viscosity reduction and heavy oil recovery. All characterizations of the obtained nanoparticles catalysts (NixOx) were performed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray and Diffraction (XRD), and ASAP 2400 analyzer from Micromeritics (USA), methods. Experiments of catalytic and non-catalytic upgrading processes were carried out in a discontinuous reactor at a temperature of 300 °C and 72 bars for 24 h and 2% of catalyst ratio to the total weight of heavy crude oil. XRD analysis revealed that the use of nanoparticles of NiO significantly participated in the upgrading processes (by desulfurization) where different activated form catalysts were observed, such as α-NiS, β-NiS, Ni3S4, Ni9S8, and NiO. The results of viscosity analysis, elemental analysis, and 13C NMR analysis revealed that the viscosity of heavy crude oil decreased from 2157 to 800 mPa·s, heteroatoms removal from heavy oil ranged from S—4.28% to 3.32% and N—0.40% to 0.37%, and total content of fractions (ΣC8–C25) increased from 59.56% to a maximum of 72.21%, with catalyst-3 thank to isomerization of normal and cyclo-alkanes and dealkylation of lateral chains of aromatics structures, respectively. Moreover, the obtained nanoparticles showed good selectivity, promoting in-situ hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reactions, and hydrogen redistribution over carbons (H/C) is improved, ranging from 1.48 to a maximum of 1.77 in sample catalyst-3. On the other hand, the use of nanoparticle catalysts have also impacted the hydrogen production, where the H2/CO provided from the water gas shift reaction has increased. Nickel oxide catalysts have the potential for in-situ hydrothermal upgrading of heavy crude oil because of their great potential to catalyze the aquathermolysis reactions in the presence of steam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Use of Nickel Oxide Catalysts (Bunsenites) for In-Situ Hydrothermal Upgrading Process of Heavy Oil.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alonso%2C+Jiménez+Padilla+Pedro%22">Alonso, Jiménez Padilla Pedro</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Djimasbe%2C+Richard%22">Djimasbe, Richard</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> richarddjimasbe@yahoo.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zairov%2C+Rustem%22">Zairov, Rustem</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yuan%2C+Chengdong%22">Yuan, Chengdong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Muntaser%2C+Ameen+A%2E%22">Al-Muntaser, Ameen A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stepanov%2C+Alexey%22">Stepanov, Alexey</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nizameeva%2C+Guliya%22">Nizameeva, Guliya</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dovzhenko%2C+Alexey%22">Dovzhenko, Alexey</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Suwaid%2C+Muneer+A%2E%22">Suwaid, Muneer A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varfolomeev%2C+Mikhail+A%2E%22">Varfolomeev, Mikhail A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> richarddjimasbe@yahoo.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zinnatullin%2C+Almaz+L%2E%22">Zinnatullin, Almaz L.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> almaz.zinnatullin@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Apr2023, Vol. 13 Issue 8, p1351. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+gas+shift+reactions%22">Water gas shift reactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heavy+oil%22">Heavy oil</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel+catalysts%22">Nickel catalysts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel+oxide%22">Nickel oxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel+oxides%22">Nickel oxides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Petroleum%22">Petroleum</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomic+force+microscopy%22">Atomic force microscopy</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this study, Nickel oxide-based catalysts (NixOx) were synthesized and used for the in-situ upgrading process of heavy crude oil (viscosity 2157 mPa·s, and API gravity of 14.1° at 25 °C) in aquathermolysis conditions for viscosity reduction and heavy oil recovery. All characterizations of the obtained nanoparticles catalysts (NixOx) were performed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray and Diffraction (XRD), and ASAP 2400 analyzer from Micromeritics (USA), methods. Experiments of catalytic and non-catalytic upgrading processes were carried out in a discontinuous reactor at a temperature of 300 °C and 72 bars for 24 h and 2% of catalyst ratio to the total weight of heavy crude oil. XRD analysis revealed that the use of nanoparticles of NiO significantly participated in the upgrading processes (by desulfurization) where different activated form catalysts were observed, such as α-NiS, β-NiS, Ni3S4, Ni9S8, and NiO. The results of viscosity analysis, elemental analysis, and 13C NMR analysis revealed that the viscosity of heavy crude oil decreased from 2157 to 800 mPa·s, heteroatoms removal from heavy oil ranged from S—4.28% to 3.32% and N—0.40% to 0.37%, and total content of fractions (ΣC8–C25) increased from 59.56% to a maximum of 72.21%, with catalyst-3 thank to isomerization of normal and cyclo-alkanes and dealkylation of lateral chains of aromatics structures, respectively. Moreover, the obtained nanoparticles showed good selectivity, promoting in-situ hydrogenation-dehydrogenation reactions, and hydrogen redistribution over carbons (H/C) is improved, ranging from 1.48 to a maximum of 1.77 in sample catalyst-3. On the other hand, the use of nanoparticle catalysts have also impacted the hydrogen production, where the H2/CO provided from the water gas shift reaction has increased. Nickel oxide catalysts have the potential for in-situ hydrothermal upgrading of heavy crude oil because of their great potential to catalyze the aquathermolysis reactions in the presence of steam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/nano13081351
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1351
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Water gas shift reactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heavy oil
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel catalysts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel oxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Petroleum
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atomic force microscopy
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Use of Nickel Oxide Catalysts (Bunsenites) for In-Situ Hydrothermal Upgrading Process of Heavy Oil.
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