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Technical note: Measurement of the bunch structure of a clinical proton beam using a SiPM coupled to a plastic scintillator with an optical fiber.

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Title: Technical note: Measurement of the bunch structure of a clinical proton beam using a SiPM coupled to a plastic scintillator with an optical fiber.
Authors: García Díez, Miguel1,2 (AUTHOR), Espinosa Rodriguez, Andrea1,2 (AUTHOR) anespi04@ucm.es, Sánchez Tembleque, Victor1,2 (AUTHOR), Sánchez Parcerisa, Daniel1,2 (AUTHOR), Valladolid Onecha, Victor1,2 (AUTHOR), Vera Sanchez, Juan A.3 (AUTHOR), Mazal, Alejandro3 (AUTHOR), Fraile, Luis Mario1,2 (AUTHOR), Udias, Jose Manuel1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Medical Physics. May2023, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p3184-3190. 7p.
Subjects: Proton beams, Plastic optical fibers, Optical fiber detectors, Proton accelerators
Abstract: Background: Recent proposals of high dose rate plans in protontherapy as well as very short proton bunches may pose problems to current beam monitor systems. There is an increasing demand for real‐time proton beam monitoring with high temporal resolution, extended dynamic range and radiation hardness. Plastic scintillators coupled to optical fiber sensors have great potential in this context to become a practical solution towards clinical implementation. Purpose: In this work, we evaluate the capabilities of a very compact fast plastic scintillator with an optical fiber readout by a SiPM and electronics sensor which has been used to provide information on the time structure at the nanosecond level of a clinical proton beam. Materials and methods: A 3 × 3 × 3 mm3 plastic scintillator (EJ‐232Q Eljen Technology) coupled to a 3 × 3 mm2 SiPM (MicroFJ‐SMA‐30035, Onsemi) has been characterized with a 70 MeV clinical proton beam accelerated in a Proteus One synchrocyclotron. The signal was read out by a high sampling rate oscilloscope (5 GS/s). By exposing the sensor directly to the proton beam, the time beam profile of individual spots was recorded. Results: Measurements of detector signal have been obtained with a time sampling period of 0.8 ns. Proton bunch period (16 ns), spot (10 μs) and interspot (1 ms) time structures could be observed in the time profile of the detector signal amplitude. From this, the RF frequency of the accelerator has been extracted, which is found to be 64 MHz. Conclusions: The proposed system was able to measure the fine time structure of a clinical proton accelerator online and with ns time resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Technical note: Measurement of the bunch structure of a clinical proton beam using a SiPM coupled to a plastic scintillator with an optical fiber.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García+Díez%2C+Miguel%22">García Díez, Miguel</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Espinosa+Rodriguez%2C+Andrea%22">Espinosa Rodriguez, Andrea</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> anespi04@ucm.es</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez+Tembleque%2C+Victor%22">Sánchez Tembleque, Victor</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez+Parcerisa%2C+Daniel%22">Sánchez Parcerisa, Daniel</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valladolid+Onecha%2C+Victor%22">Valladolid Onecha, Victor</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vera+Sanchez%2C+Juan+A%2E%22">Vera Sanchez, Juan A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mazal%2C+Alejandro%22">Mazal, Alejandro</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fraile%2C+Luis+Mario%22">Fraile, Luis Mario</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Udias%2C+Jose+Manuel%22">Udias, Jose Manuel</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Physics%22">Medical Physics</searchLink>. May2023, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p3184-3190. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Proton+beams%22">Proton beams</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plastic+optical+fibers%22">Plastic optical fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fiber+detectors%22">Optical fiber detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Proton+accelerators%22">Proton accelerators</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Recent proposals of high dose rate plans in protontherapy as well as very short proton bunches may pose problems to current beam monitor systems. There is an increasing demand for real‐time proton beam monitoring with high temporal resolution, extended dynamic range and radiation hardness. Plastic scintillators coupled to optical fiber sensors have great potential in this context to become a practical solution towards clinical implementation. Purpose: In this work, we evaluate the capabilities of a very compact fast plastic scintillator with an optical fiber readout by a SiPM and electronics sensor which has been used to provide information on the time structure at the nanosecond level of a clinical proton beam. Materials and methods: A 3 × 3 × 3 mm3 plastic scintillator (EJ‐232Q Eljen Technology) coupled to a 3 × 3 mm2 SiPM (MicroFJ‐SMA‐30035, Onsemi) has been characterized with a 70 MeV clinical proton beam accelerated in a Proteus One synchrocyclotron. The signal was read out by a high sampling rate oscilloscope (5 GS/s). By exposing the sensor directly to the proton beam, the time beam profile of individual spots was recorded. Results: Measurements of detector signal have been obtained with a time sampling period of 0.8 ns. Proton bunch period (16 ns), spot (10 μs) and interspot (1 ms) time structures could be observed in the time profile of the detector signal amplitude. From this, the RF frequency of the accelerator has been extracted, which is found to be 64 MHz. Conclusions: The proposed system was able to measure the fine time structure of a clinical proton accelerator online and with ns time resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mp.16333
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      – SubjectFull: Proton beams
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plastic optical fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical fiber detectors
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      – SubjectFull: Proton accelerators
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      – TitleFull: Technical note: Measurement of the bunch structure of a clinical proton beam using a SiPM coupled to a plastic scintillator with an optical fiber.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2023
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              Y: 2023
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