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An evolutionary perspective on genetic load in small, isolated populations as informed by whole genome resequencing and forward-time simulations.

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Title: An evolutionary perspective on genetic load in small, isolated populations as informed by whole genome resequencing and forward-time simulations.
Authors: Mathur, Samarth1 (AUTHOR) mathur.112@osu.edu, Tomeček, John M2 (AUTHOR), Tarango-Arámbula, Luis A3 (AUTHOR), Perez, Robert M4 (AUTHOR), DeWoody, J Andrew1,5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Evolution. Mar2023, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p690-704. 15p.
Subjects: Genetic load, Genetic drift, Genomes, Demography, Nucleotide sequencing, Dynamic loads
Geographic Terms: Arizona, Texas
Abstract: Small populations are vulnerable to increased genetic load and drift that can lead to reductions in fitness and adaptive potential. By analyzing 66 individual whole genomes of Montezuma Quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) from multiple populations, we illustrate how genetic load is dynamic over evolutionary time. We show that Montezuma Quail are evolving like a ring species, where the terminal extant populations from Arizona and Texas have been separated for ~16,500 years. The Texas populations have remained small but stable since the separation, whereas the Arizona population is much larger today but has been contracting for thousands of years. Most deleterious mutations across the genome are young and segregating privately in each population and a greater number of deleterious alleles are present in the larger population. Our data indicate that ancestral load is purged during strong bottlenecks, but the reduced efficiency of selection in small populations means that segregating deleterious mutations are more likely to rise in frequency over time. Forward-time simulations indicate that severe population declines in historically large populations is more detrimental to individual fitness, whereas long-term small populations are more at risk for reduced adaptive potential and population-level fitness. Our study highlights the intimate connections among evolutionary history, historical demography, genetic load, and evolutionary potential in wild populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Evolution is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 164203014
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: An evolutionary perspective on genetic load in small, isolated populations as informed by whole genome resequencing and forward-time simulations.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathur%2C+Samarth%22">Mathur, Samarth</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mathur.112@osu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tomeček%2C+John+M%22">Tomeček, John M</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tarango-Arámbula%2C+Luis+A%22">Tarango-Arámbula, Luis A</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perez%2C+Robert+M%22">Perez, Robert M</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DeWoody%2C+J+Andrew%22">DeWoody, J Andrew</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Evolution%22">Evolution</searchLink>. Mar2023, Vol. 77 Issue 3, p690-704. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+load%22">Genetic load</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+drift%22">Genetic drift</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genomes%22">Genomes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Demography%22">Demography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nucleotide+sequencing%22">Nucleotide sequencing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+loads%22">Dynamic loads</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arizona%22">Arizona</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Texas%22">Texas</searchLink>
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  Data: Small populations are vulnerable to increased genetic load and drift that can lead to reductions in fitness and adaptive potential. By analyzing 66 individual whole genomes of Montezuma Quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) from multiple populations, we illustrate how genetic load is dynamic over evolutionary time. We show that Montezuma Quail are evolving like a ring species, where the terminal extant populations from Arizona and Texas have been separated for ~16,500 years. The Texas populations have remained small but stable since the separation, whereas the Arizona population is much larger today but has been contracting for thousands of years. Most deleterious mutations across the genome are young and segregating privately in each population and a greater number of deleterious alleles are present in the larger population. Our data indicate that ancestral load is purged during strong bottlenecks, but the reduced efficiency of selection in small populations means that segregating deleterious mutations are more likely to rise in frequency over time. Forward-time simulations indicate that severe population declines in historically large populations is more detrimental to individual fitness, whereas long-term small populations are more at risk for reduced adaptive potential and population-level fitness. Our study highlights the intimate connections among evolutionary history, historical demography, genetic load, and evolutionary potential in wild populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Evolution is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/evolut/qpac061
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 690
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Genetic load
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genetic drift
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genomes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Demography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nucleotide sequencing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dynamic loads
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arizona
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Texas
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: An evolutionary perspective on genetic load in small, isolated populations as informed by whole genome resequencing and forward-time simulations.
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            NameFull: Tarango-Arámbula, Luis A
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            NameFull: Perez, Robert M
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              Text: Mar2023
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              Y: 2023
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              Value: 77
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