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Pulmonary circulation abnormalities in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: dual-energy CT angiographic findings in 79 patients.

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Title: Pulmonary circulation abnormalities in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: dual-energy CT angiographic findings in 79 patients.
Authors: Mohamed, Islam1 (AUTHOR), de Broucker, Virginie2 (AUTHOR), Duhamel, Alain3 (AUTHOR), Giordano, Jessica1 (AUTHOR), Ego, Alice1 (AUTHOR), Fonne, Nicolas1 (AUTHOR), Chenivesse, Cécile4 (AUTHOR), Remy, Jacques1 (AUTHOR), Remy-Jardin, Martine1,5 (AUTHOR) martine.remy@chu-lille.fr
Source: European Radiology. Jul2023, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p4700-4712. 13p. 4 Black and White Photographs, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, Pulmonary circulation, Computed tomography, Pulmonary embolism, Spectral imaging, Human abnormalities
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the frequency and pattern of pulmonary vascular abnormalities in the year following COVID-19. Methods: The study population included 79 patients remaining symptomatic more than 6 months after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who had been evaluated with dual-energy CT angiography. Results: Morphologic images showed CT features of (a) acute (2/79; 2.5%) and focal chronic (4/79; 5%) PE; and (b) residual post COVID-19 lung infiltration (67/79; 85%). Lung perfusion was abnormal in 69 patients (87.4%). Perfusion abnormalities included (a) perfusion defects of 3 types: patchy defects (n = 60; 76%); areas of non-systematized hypoperfusion (n = 27; 34.2%); and/or PE-type defects (n = 14; 17.7%) seen with (2/14) and without (12/14) endoluminal filling defects; and (b) areas of increased perfusion in 59 patients (74.9%), superimposed on ground-glass opacities (58/59) and vascular tree-in-bud (5/59). PFTs were available in 10 patients with normal perfusion and in 55 patients with abnormal perfusion. The mean values of functional variables did not differ between the two subgroups with a trend toward lower DLCO in patients with abnormal perfusion (74.8 ± 16.7% vs 85.0 ± 8.1). Conclusion: Delayed follow-up showed CT features of acute and chronic PE but also two types of perfusion abnormalities suggestive of persistent hypercoagulability as well as unresolved/sequelae of microangiopathy. Clinical relevance statement: Despite dramatic resolution of lung abnormalities seen during the acute phase of the disease, acute pulmonary embolism and alterations at the level of lung microcirculation can be identified in patients remaining symptomatic in the year following COVID-19. Key Points: • This study demonstrates newly developed proximal acute PE/thrombosis in the year following SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. • Dual-energy CT lung perfusion identified perfusion defects and areas of increased iodine uptake abnormalities, suggestive of unresolved damage to lung microcirculation. • This study suggests a complementarity between HRCT and spectral imaging for proper understanding of post COVID-19 lung sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Pulmonary circulation abnormalities in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: dual-energy CT angiographic findings in 79 patients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Radiology%22">European Radiology</searchLink>. Jul2023, Vol. 33 Issue 7, p4700-4712. 13p. 4 Black and White Photographs, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Objectives: To evaluate the frequency and pattern of pulmonary vascular abnormalities in the year following COVID-19. Methods: The study population included 79 patients remaining symptomatic more than 6 months after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who had been evaluated with dual-energy CT angiography. Results: Morphologic images showed CT features of (a) acute (2/79; 2.5%) and focal chronic (4/79; 5%) PE; and (b) residual post COVID-19 lung infiltration (67/79; 85%). Lung perfusion was abnormal in 69 patients (87.4%). Perfusion abnormalities included (a) perfusion defects of 3 types: patchy defects (n = 60; 76%); areas of non-systematized hypoperfusion (n = 27; 34.2%); and/or PE-type defects (n = 14; 17.7%) seen with (2/14) and without (12/14) endoluminal filling defects; and (b) areas of increased perfusion in 59 patients (74.9%), superimposed on ground-glass opacities (58/59) and vascular tree-in-bud (5/59). PFTs were available in 10 patients with normal perfusion and in 55 patients with abnormal perfusion. The mean values of functional variables did not differ between the two subgroups with a trend toward lower DLCO in patients with abnormal perfusion (74.8 ± 16.7% vs 85.0 ± 8.1). Conclusion: Delayed follow-up showed CT features of acute and chronic PE but also two types of perfusion abnormalities suggestive of persistent hypercoagulability as well as unresolved/sequelae of microangiopathy. Clinical relevance statement: Despite dramatic resolution of lung abnormalities seen during the acute phase of the disease, acute pulmonary embolism and alterations at the level of lung microcirculation can be identified in patients remaining symptomatic in the year following COVID-19. Key Points: • This study demonstrates newly developed proximal acute PE/thrombosis in the year following SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. • Dual-energy CT lung perfusion identified perfusion defects and areas of increased iodine uptake abnormalities, suggestive of unresolved damage to lung microcirculation. • This study suggests a complementarity between HRCT and spectral imaging for proper understanding of post COVID-19 lung sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Radiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00330-023-09618-9
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        Text: English
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