On the performance of hybrid beamforming for closely-spaced and randomly located users.
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| Title: | On the performance of hybrid beamforming for closely-spaced and randomly located users. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Kayani, Atiqa1 (AUTHOR) attiqakayani@gmail.com, Woodward, Graeme K.2 (AUTHOR), Khalid, Zubair1 (AUTHOR), Naqvi, Ijaz Haider1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Wireless Networks (10220038). Aug2023, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p2609-2617. 9p. |
| Subjects: | Beamforming, Multiuser computer systems, Millimeter waves, Hybrid systems, Signal-to-noise ratio, Radio frequency, Energy consumption, Symbol error rate |
| Abstract: | Hybrid (analog-digital) beamforming has received tremendous attention for realizing multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output systems at millimeter wave frequencies. However, almost all of the hybrid beamforming literature characterizes the spectral and energy efficiency performance for randomly located user terminals. In stark contrast, this article evaluates and compares the multiuser downlink ergodic sum spectral efficiency (ESSE) using different combinations of analog and digital beamforming techniques when users are closely-spaced. For any given combination of hybrid beamforming, we derive an analytical expression characterizing the loss of per-user ergodic spectral efficiency relative to fully digital beamforming. To get the negligible ESSE loss for both hybrid and fully digital beamforming, we quantify the angle-of-departure separation across multiple users, it is the term associated to the channel correlation induced by the user positions. We show the generality of the derived expression by testing it across a wide range of system dimensions, number of radio-frequency (RF) chains, and signal-to-noise ratios. Our results demonstrate that an extra RF chain may be sufficient to compensate most of the loss in ESSE due to closely-spaced terminals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Wireless Networks (10220038) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 166736236 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: On the performance of hybrid beamforming for closely-spaced and randomly located users. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kayani%2C+Atiqa%22">Kayani, Atiqa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> attiqakayani@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Woodward%2C+Graeme+K%2E%22">Woodward, Graeme K.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khalid%2C+Zubair%22">Khalid, Zubair</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Naqvi%2C+Ijaz+Haider%22">Naqvi, Ijaz Haider</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Wireless+Networks+%2810220038%29%22">Wireless Networks (10220038)</searchLink>. Aug2023, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p2609-2617. 9p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beamforming%22">Beamforming</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiuser+computer+systems%22">Multiuser computer systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Millimeter+waves%22">Millimeter waves</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hybrid+systems%22">Hybrid systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal-to-noise+ratio%22">Signal-to-noise ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radio+frequency%22">Radio frequency</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symbol+error+rate%22">Symbol error rate</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Hybrid (analog-digital) beamforming has received tremendous attention for realizing multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output systems at millimeter wave frequencies. However, almost all of the hybrid beamforming literature characterizes the spectral and energy efficiency performance for randomly located user terminals. In stark contrast, this article evaluates and compares the multiuser downlink ergodic sum spectral efficiency (ESSE) using different combinations of analog and digital beamforming techniques when users are closely-spaced. For any given combination of hybrid beamforming, we derive an analytical expression characterizing the loss of per-user ergodic spectral efficiency relative to fully digital beamforming. To get the negligible ESSE loss for both hybrid and fully digital beamforming, we quantify the angle-of-departure separation across multiple users, it is the term associated to the channel correlation induced by the user positions. We show the generality of the derived expression by testing it across a wide range of system dimensions, number of radio-frequency (RF) chains, and signal-to-noise ratios. Our results demonstrate that an extra RF chain may be sufficient to compensate most of the loss in ESSE due to closely-spaced terminals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Wireless Networks (10220038) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11276-023-03335-3 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 9 StartPage: 2609 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Beamforming Type: general – SubjectFull: Multiuser computer systems Type: general – SubjectFull: Millimeter waves Type: general – SubjectFull: Hybrid systems Type: general – SubjectFull: Signal-to-noise ratio Type: general – SubjectFull: Radio frequency Type: general – SubjectFull: Energy consumption Type: general – SubjectFull: Symbol error rate Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: On the performance of hybrid beamforming for closely-spaced and randomly located users. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kayani, Atiqa – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Woodward, Graeme K. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Khalid, Zubair – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Naqvi, Ijaz Haider IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 08 Text: Aug2023 Type: published Y: 2023 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10220038 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 29 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Wireless Networks (10220038) Type: main |
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