View in EDS

Modelling norovirus dynamics within oysters emphasises potential food safety issues associated with current testing & depuration protocols.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Modelling norovirus dynamics within oysters emphasises potential food safety issues associated with current testing & depuration protocols.
Authors: McMenemy, Paul1,2 (AUTHOR) paul.mcmenemy@strath.ac.uk, Kleczkowski, Adam1,2 (AUTHOR) a.kleczkowski@strath.ac.uk, Taylor, Nick G.H.3,4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Food Microbiology. Dec2023, Vol. 116, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Noroviruses, Food safety, Viral gastroenteritis, Oysters, Water harvesting, Alimentary canal, Shellfish fisheries
Geographic Terms: Norwalk (Conn.)
Abstract: Norovirus is a significant global cause of viral gastroenteritis, with raw oyster consumption often linked to such outbreaks due to their filter-feeding in harvest waters. National water quality and depuration/relaying times are often classified using Escherichia coli , a poor proxy for norovirus levels in shellfish. The current norovirus assay is limited to only the digestive tracts of oysters, meaning the total norovirus load of an oyster may differ from reported results. These limitations motivated this work, building upon previous modelling by the authors, and considers the sequestration of norovirus into observed and cryptic (unobservable) compartments within each oyster. Results show that total norovirus levels in shellfish batches exhibit distinct peaks during the early depuration stages, with each peak's magnitude dependent on the proportion of cryptic norovirus. These results are supported by depuration trial data and other studies, where viral levels often exhibit multiphase decays. This work's significant result is that any future norovirus legislation needs to consider not only the harvest site's water classification but also the total viral load present in oysters entering the market. We show that 62 h of depuration should be undertaken before any norovirus testing is conducted on oyster samples, being the time required for cryptic viral loads to have transited into the digestive tracts where they can be detected by current assay, or have exited the oyster. • Several studies report multiphase decay of norovirus in oysters during depuration. • The model splits norovirus loads into cryptic (unobservable) and observable compartments within oysters. • Results synthesise reported multiphase decay of norovirus, with levels of cryptic norovirus dissipating after ≈ 62 hours of depuration. • To minimise food safety risks to consumers, any future legislation should assay oyster norovirus levels after 62 h of depuration to account for any cryptic norovirus levels present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Food Microbiology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 171828186
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Modelling norovirus dynamics within oysters emphasises potential food safety issues associated with current testing & depuration protocols.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McMenemy%2C+Paul%22">McMenemy, Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> paul.mcmenemy@strath.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kleczkowski%2C+Adam%22">Kleczkowski, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> a.kleczkowski@strath.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Taylor%2C+Nick+G%2EH%2E%22">Taylor, Nick G.H.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Food+Microbiology%22">Food Microbiology</searchLink>. Dec2023, Vol. 116, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noroviruses%22">Noroviruses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+safety%22">Food safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Viral+gastroenteritis%22">Viral gastroenteritis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oysters%22">Oysters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+harvesting%22">Water harvesting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alimentary+canal%22">Alimentary canal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shellfish+fisheries%22">Shellfish fisheries</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Norwalk+%28Conn%2E%29%22">Norwalk (Conn.)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Norovirus is a significant global cause of viral gastroenteritis, with raw oyster consumption often linked to such outbreaks due to their filter-feeding in harvest waters. National water quality and depuration/relaying times are often classified using Escherichia coli , a poor proxy for norovirus levels in shellfish. The current norovirus assay is limited to only the digestive tracts of oysters, meaning the total norovirus load of an oyster may differ from reported results. These limitations motivated this work, building upon previous modelling by the authors, and considers the sequestration of norovirus into observed and cryptic (unobservable) compartments within each oyster. Results show that total norovirus levels in shellfish batches exhibit distinct peaks during the early depuration stages, with each peak's magnitude dependent on the proportion of cryptic norovirus. These results are supported by depuration trial data and other studies, where viral levels often exhibit multiphase decays. This work's significant result is that any future norovirus legislation needs to consider not only the harvest site's water classification but also the total viral load present in oysters entering the market. We show that 62 h of depuration should be undertaken before any norovirus testing is conducted on oyster samples, being the time required for cryptic viral loads to have transited into the digestive tracts where they can be detected by current assay, or have exited the oyster. • Several studies report multiphase decay of norovirus in oysters during depuration. • The model splits norovirus loads into cryptic (unobservable) and observable compartments within oysters. • Results synthesise reported multiphase decay of norovirus, with levels of cryptic norovirus dissipating after ≈ 62 hours of depuration. • To minimise food safety risks to consumers, any future legislation should assay oyster norovirus levels after 62 h of depuration to account for any cryptic norovirus levels present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Food Microbiology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=171828186
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104363
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Noroviruses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food safety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Viral gastroenteritis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oysters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water harvesting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alimentary canal
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shellfish fisheries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Norwalk (Conn.)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Modelling norovirus dynamics within oysters emphasises potential food safety issues associated with current testing & depuration protocols.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: McMenemy, Paul
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kleczkowski, Adam
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Taylor, Nick G.H.
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2023
              Type: published
              Y: 2023
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 07400020
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 116
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Food Microbiology
              Type: main
ResultId 1