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A Massively Parallel Computer Model of Propagation Through a Two-Dimensional Cardiac Syncytium.

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Title: A Massively Parallel Computer Model of Propagation Through a Two-Dimensional Cardiac Syncytium.
Authors: Fishler, Matthew G.1, Thakor, Nitish V.1
Source: Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology. Nov1991, Vol. 14 Issue 11, p1694-1699. 6p. 1 Diagram, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Connection machines, Cardiac pacing, Tissue analysis, Coupling constants, Ventricular fibrillation, Parallel computers
Abstract: A computer model of electrical propagation through a two-dimensional (2D) sheet of cardiac tissue has been developed to run on the massively parallel processor Connection Machine (CM-2) computer. The transmembrane ionic currents in each of 16,364 (128 x 128) 100 x 100 µm² patches of cardiac tissue are described by modified Beeler-Reuter membrane equations. These equations, along with the parabolic differential equation derived from 2D cable theory, are solved in parallel to study normal and abnormal 2D propagation. The sheet is paced with planar waves at a basic cycle length of 500 msec (control). When a premature ectopic stimulus of sufficient strength and appropriate timing is then applied to a local region of the syncytium, one of two types of reentry is observed: (a) stable figure-of- eight reentry, or (b) unstable but self-sustaining "fibrillation-like" reentry. During this fibrillatory activity, action potential durations are 79.8 ± 36.8 msec (control = 244.9 ± 0.9 msec) and coupling intervals average 96.7 ± 31.3 msec (control = 500 ± 0 msec). We also observed that passive electrotonically- induced depolarization of already refractory tissue extended the refractory period of that tissue, and that the duration of this extension depended on the magnitude of the electrotonic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Pacing+%26+Clinical+Electrophysiology%22">Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology</searchLink>. Nov1991, Vol. 14 Issue 11, p1694-1699. 6p. 1 Diagram, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Connection+machines%22">Connection machines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cardiac+pacing%22">Cardiac pacing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tissue+analysis%22">Tissue analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coupling+constants%22">Coupling constants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ventricular+fibrillation%22">Ventricular fibrillation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parallel+computers%22">Parallel computers</searchLink>
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  Data: A computer model of electrical propagation through a two-dimensional (2D) sheet of cardiac tissue has been developed to run on the massively parallel processor Connection Machine (CM-2) computer. The transmembrane ionic currents in each of 16,364 (128 x 128) 100 x 100 µm² patches of cardiac tissue are described by modified Beeler-Reuter membrane equations. These equations, along with the parabolic differential equation derived from 2D cable theory, are solved in parallel to study normal and abnormal 2D propagation. The sheet is paced with planar waves at a basic cycle length of 500 msec (control). When a premature ectopic stimulus of sufficient strength and appropriate timing is then applied to a local region of the syncytium, one of two types of reentry is observed: (a) stable figure-of- eight reentry, or (b) unstable but self-sustaining "fibrillation-like" reentry. During this fibrillatory activity, action potential durations are 79.8 ± 36.8 msec (control = 244.9 ± 0.9 msec) and coupling intervals average 96.7 ± 31.3 msec (control = 500 ± 0 msec). We also observed that passive electrotonically- induced depolarization of already refractory tissue extended the refractory period of that tissue, and that the duration of this extension depended on the magnitude of the electrotonic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1991.tb02750.x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 1694
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      – SubjectFull: Connection machines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cardiac pacing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tissue analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Coupling constants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ventricular fibrillation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parallel computers
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A Massively Parallel Computer Model of Propagation Through a Two-Dimensional Cardiac Syncytium.
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            NameFull: Thakor, Nitish V.
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              Text: Nov1991
              Type: published
              Y: 1991
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