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Cyanobacteria as a critical reservoir of the environmental antimicrobial resistome.

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Title: Cyanobacteria as a critical reservoir of the environmental antimicrobial resistome.
Authors: Timms, V. J.1 (AUTHOR), Hassan, K. A.1 (AUTHOR), Pearson, L. A.1 (AUTHOR), Neilan, B. A.1 (AUTHOR) brett.neilan@newcastle.edu.au
Source: Environmental Microbiology. Nov2023, Vol. 25 Issue 11, p2266-2276. 11p.
Subjects: Mobile genetic elements, Hot springs, Antibiotic overuse, Aquatic habitats, Microorganism populations
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is predicted to cause a worldwide annual toll of 10 million deaths by 2050. This looming public health threat has been linked to antibiotic overuse and pollution, which places selective pressures on AMR maintenance and transfer in and between microbial populations. We examined the distribution, diversity and potential mobility of AMR genes in cyanobacteria. While cyanobacteria are not pathogenic, we hypothesised that they could be a major environmental reservoir for AMR genes. Genes encoding AMR to seven antimicrobial drug classes were found in 10% of cyanobacterial genomes. AMR genes were found in 13% of freshwater, 19% of terrestrial, 34% of symbiotic, 2% of thermal spring, and 3% of marine genomes. AMR genes were found in five cyanobacterial orders with 23% of Nostocales and 8% of Oscillatoriales strains containing AMR genes. The most frequently observed alleles were ansamycin resistance genes, which were present in 7% of strains. AMR genes responsible for resistance to broad‐spectrum β‐lactams, chloramphenicols, tetracyclines, macrolides, and aminoglycosides were associated with mobile genetic elements or plasmid replicons or both. These results suggest that cyanobacteria are an extensive reservoir, and potential vector, for AMR genes in diverse terrestrial and aquatic habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Cyanobacteria as a critical reservoir of the environmental antimicrobial resistome.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Microbiology%22">Environmental Microbiology</searchLink>. Nov2023, Vol. 25 Issue 11, p2266-2276. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+genetic+elements%22">Mobile genetic elements</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hot+springs%22">Hot springs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antibiotic+overuse%22">Antibiotic overuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aquatic+habitats%22">Aquatic habitats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microorganism+populations%22">Microorganism populations</searchLink>
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  Data: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is predicted to cause a worldwide annual toll of 10 million deaths by 2050. This looming public health threat has been linked to antibiotic overuse and pollution, which places selective pressures on AMR maintenance and transfer in and between microbial populations. We examined the distribution, diversity and potential mobility of AMR genes in cyanobacteria. While cyanobacteria are not pathogenic, we hypothesised that they could be a major environmental reservoir for AMR genes. Genes encoding AMR to seven antimicrobial drug classes were found in 10% of cyanobacterial genomes. AMR genes were found in 13% of freshwater, 19% of terrestrial, 34% of symbiotic, 2% of thermal spring, and 3% of marine genomes. AMR genes were found in five cyanobacterial orders with 23% of Nostocales and 8% of Oscillatoriales strains containing AMR genes. The most frequently observed alleles were ansamycin resistance genes, which were present in 7% of strains. AMR genes responsible for resistance to broad‐spectrum β‐lactams, chloramphenicols, tetracyclines, macrolides, and aminoglycosides were associated with mobile genetic elements or plasmid replicons or both. These results suggest that cyanobacteria are an extensive reservoir, and potential vector, for AMR genes in diverse terrestrial and aquatic habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Microbiology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/1462-2920.16453
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Mobile genetic elements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hot springs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antibiotic overuse
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      – SubjectFull: Aquatic habitats
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      – SubjectFull: Microorganism populations
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              Text: Nov2023
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