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Novel nanocomposites based on Tetrazine liquid crystals for energy storage application.

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Title: Novel nanocomposites based on Tetrazine liquid crystals for energy storage application.
Authors: Labeeb, Ahmad M.1,2,3 (AUTHOR) ah.labeeb@nrc.sci.eg, A.Ward, Azza1,3 (AUTHOR), Ibrahim, Saber4 (AUTHOR), Fouad, Farid5 (AUTHOR), Ramadan, Rawya M.1 (AUTHOR) rm.mahmoud@nrc.sci.eg
Source: Journal of Molecular Liquids. Dec2023:Part 2, Vol. 392, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Liquid crystals, Energy storage, Polymer liquid crystals, Liquid crystal states, Crystal texture, Carbon nanotubes, Broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Abstract: • LCTZ12 is assumed to act as charge carrier additive. • LCTZ12 plays role of accumulating charges in layers due to its liquid crystalline nature. • LCTZ12 and carbon nanotubes CNTs dispersion in PMMA matrix increases stored energy densities. • LCTZ12 contributes as soft crystals as liquid crystals via POM and BDS characterizations. • The stored energy density of sample 20 % LCTZ12/PMMA with 10 wt% CNTs is 75.83 J/cm3 which is the most promised composite. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) /Tetrazine liquid crystal (LCTZ12) nanocomposites with different CNTs loadings have been prepared. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using polarizing light microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) in the range 10-1-106 Hz respectively. The most commonly observed texture of soft crystal phases was that of a mosaic pattern, as revealed by the POM technique. PMMA alone does not change the polarization states and appeared as isotropic material, but once LCTZ12 is added, crystal growth could be clearly noticed in the needle pattern inside the polymer matrix to compose an amazing structure of soft crystal G texture. The increase of LCTZ12 to about 20 wt% in the PMMA matrix led to more heterogeneous aggregation of liquid crystalline molecules. This ratio addition is enhancing of network connections inside the PMMA. Moreover, the dispersion of carbon nanotubes mounted on catalysts is found to accumulate in segregations in PMMA/ LCTZ12 nanocomposites. However, the location of CNTs is concentrated at bottom of polymer network due to the large difference in densities of LCs, PMMA, and CNTs. DSC is in agreement with the POM result of LCTZ12, which has multi soft crystals or highly self-assembled ordered liquid crystal phases near to room temperature. The FTIR proved that blend PMMA/ LCTZ12 (80/20) has a dramatic increase in the 1387 cm−1 peak of C = C as a response of the rise in the concentration or number of aromatic rings. Additionally, the vibrational scissoring peak located at 1477 cm−1 of methylene CH 2 groups is increased significantly and C–H stretching in aliphatic regions at 2850 cm−1 and 2990 cm−1 as well. However, there is no significant change observed after CNTs addition to the PMMA/ 20 wt% LCTZ12 matrix. Regarding dielectric results, it was found that, the polymer dispersed liquid crystals PDLC system composed of (PMMA/20 wt% LCTZ12) possesses the most promising dielectric properties, that is; high dielectric permittivity with low losses compared to the other ratios. The addition of CNTs results in more localization of charge carriers along with mobile ions, causing higher ionic conductivity. The conductivity ranges altered from 3.2 × 10-10 S/cm in pure PDLC system to become 1.7 × 10-3 S/cm for PDLC doped with 10 wt% CNTs nanocomposite. The electrical energy density measurements for 3,6-bis(5-(Dodecyloxy) pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (LCTZ12) liquid crystals with 6 cationic centers in polymeric matrices proved to be suitable for flexible and efficient electrolytes for energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Molecular Liquids is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Novel nanocomposites based on Tetrazine liquid crystals for energy storage application.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Labeeb%2C+Ahmad+M%2E%22">Labeeb, Ahmad M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ah.labeeb@nrc.sci.eg</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22A%2EWard%2C+Azza%22">A.Ward, Azza</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ibrahim%2C+Saber%22">Ibrahim, Saber</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fouad%2C+Farid%22">Fouad, Farid</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramadan%2C+Rawya+M%2E%22">Ramadan, Rawya M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rm.mahmoud@nrc.sci.eg</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Molecular+Liquids%22">Journal of Molecular Liquids</searchLink>. Dec2023:Part 2, Vol. 392, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+crystals%22">Liquid crystals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+storage%22">Energy storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymer+liquid+crystals%22">Polymer liquid crystals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+crystal+states%22">Liquid crystal states</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+texture%22">Crystal texture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+nanotubes%22">Carbon nanotubes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Broadband+dielectric+spectroscopy%22">Broadband dielectric spectroscopy</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • LCTZ12 is assumed to act as charge carrier additive. • LCTZ12 plays role of accumulating charges in layers due to its liquid crystalline nature. • LCTZ12 and carbon nanotubes CNTs dispersion in PMMA matrix increases stored energy densities. • LCTZ12 contributes as soft crystals as liquid crystals via POM and BDS characterizations. • The stored energy density of sample 20 % LCTZ12/PMMA with 10 wt% CNTs is 75.83 J/cm3 which is the most promised composite. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) /Tetrazine liquid crystal (LCTZ12) nanocomposites with different CNTs loadings have been prepared. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using polarizing light microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) in the range 10-1-106 Hz respectively. The most commonly observed texture of soft crystal phases was that of a mosaic pattern, as revealed by the POM technique. PMMA alone does not change the polarization states and appeared as isotropic material, but once LCTZ12 is added, crystal growth could be clearly noticed in the needle pattern inside the polymer matrix to compose an amazing structure of soft crystal G texture. The increase of LCTZ12 to about 20 wt% in the PMMA matrix led to more heterogeneous aggregation of liquid crystalline molecules. This ratio addition is enhancing of network connections inside the PMMA. Moreover, the dispersion of carbon nanotubes mounted on catalysts is found to accumulate in segregations in PMMA/ LCTZ12 nanocomposites. However, the location of CNTs is concentrated at bottom of polymer network due to the large difference in densities of LCs, PMMA, and CNTs. DSC is in agreement with the POM result of LCTZ12, which has multi soft crystals or highly self-assembled ordered liquid crystal phases near to room temperature. The FTIR proved that blend PMMA/ LCTZ12 (80/20) has a dramatic increase in the 1387 cm−1 peak of C = C as a response of the rise in the concentration or number of aromatic rings. Additionally, the vibrational scissoring peak located at 1477 cm−1 of methylene CH 2 groups is increased significantly and C–H stretching in aliphatic regions at 2850 cm−1 and 2990 cm−1 as well. However, there is no significant change observed after CNTs addition to the PMMA/ 20 wt% LCTZ12 matrix. Regarding dielectric results, it was found that, the polymer dispersed liquid crystals PDLC system composed of (PMMA/20 wt% LCTZ12) possesses the most promising dielectric properties, that is; high dielectric permittivity with low losses compared to the other ratios. The addition of CNTs results in more localization of charge carriers along with mobile ions, causing higher ionic conductivity. The conductivity ranges altered from 3.2 × 10-10 S/cm in pure PDLC system to become 1.7 × 10-3 S/cm for PDLC doped with 10 wt% CNTs nanocomposite. The electrical energy density measurements for 3,6-bis(5-(Dodecyloxy) pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (LCTZ12) liquid crystals with 6 cationic centers in polymeric matrices proved to be suitable for flexible and efficient electrolytes for energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Molecular Liquids is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.123495
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Liquid crystals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polymer liquid crystals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Liquid crystal states
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crystal texture
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon nanotubes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Broadband dielectric spectroscopy
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Novel nanocomposites based on Tetrazine liquid crystals for energy storage application.
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            NameFull: Labeeb, Ahmad M.
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            NameFull: A.Ward, Azza
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            NameFull: Ibrahim, Saber
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            NameFull: Fouad, Farid
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            NameFull: Ramadan, Rawya M.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2023:Part 2
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              Y: 2023
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              Value: 392
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Molecular Liquids
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