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Risk mitigation study for hydrogen releases from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

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Title: Risk mitigation study for hydrogen releases from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
Authors: Han, Hyejeong1 (AUTHOR), Kim, Shinji1 (AUTHOR), Park, Junyong1 (AUTHOR), Kim, Gyuwon2 (AUTHOR), Jung, Seungho1,3 (AUTHOR) processsafety@ajou.ac.kr
Source: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. Feb2024, Vol. 54, p1593-1602. 10p.
Subjects: Fuel cell vehicles, Fuel cells, Renewable energy sources, Hydrogen, Electric power consumption, Environmental degradation, Fossil fuels
Abstract: There has been an increase in environmental degradation associated with the use of fossil fuels in an attempt to meet the ever-increasing demand for electricity. Therefore, alterative renewable energy sources have garnered the attention of many researchers globally; hydrogen is an important example due to its eco-friendly nature. For hydrogen to be used as an energy source, it has to first be compressed. The explosion of high-pressure hydrogen vessels has been the driver of most accidents associated with its use. To prevent explosions, thermally activated pressure relief devices (TPRDs) are used to release hydrogen. The TPRD release orientations in a tunnel, which is a confined space, were investigated in this study based on a high-pressure release of hydrogen. In addition, we also propose an evacuation and safety protocol in the event of such an accident. In addition, the dynamics associated with the release of hydrogen were analyzed based on vehicle type. We found that in passenger cars and buses, hydrogen is released from the bottom and top, respectively. The dispersion range in this study was simulated based on a hydrogen concentration of 4%, in which air currents, including those from jet fans in the tunnel, are considered. The results confirm that passenger cars are barely affected by the jet fan airflow, and backward release facilitates evacuation and secures a safety zone more effectively compared with vertical emission. Meanwhile, upward releases were significantly affected by the jet fan. Overall, release in the airflow direction, regardless of the tunnel location, was confirmed to be effective in the context of evacuation and securing safety zones for buses. • Consequence analysis for Thermally-activated Pressure Relief Devices of HFCVs. • Thorough CFD simulations to help the decision-making for emergency responders. • Open space and confined space hazards comparison for different vehicle types. • Open space and confined space hazards comparison for different TPRD release angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 175411407
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Risk mitigation study for hydrogen releases from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Hyejeong%22">Han, Hyejeong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Shinji%22">Kim, Shinji</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Park%2C+Junyong%22">Park, Junyong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Gyuwon%22">Kim, Gyuwon</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jung%2C+Seungho%22">Jung, Seungho</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> processsafety@ajou.ac.kr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Hydrogen+Energy%22">International Journal of Hydrogen Energy</searchLink>. Feb2024, Vol. 54, p1593-1602. 10p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fuel+cell+vehicles%22">Fuel cell vehicles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fuel+cells%22">Fuel cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+sources%22">Renewable energy sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrogen%22">Hydrogen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+power+consumption%22">Electric power consumption</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Environmental+degradation%22">Environmental degradation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fossil+fuels%22">Fossil fuels</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: There has been an increase in environmental degradation associated with the use of fossil fuels in an attempt to meet the ever-increasing demand for electricity. Therefore, alterative renewable energy sources have garnered the attention of many researchers globally; hydrogen is an important example due to its eco-friendly nature. For hydrogen to be used as an energy source, it has to first be compressed. The explosion of high-pressure hydrogen vessels has been the driver of most accidents associated with its use. To prevent explosions, thermally activated pressure relief devices (TPRDs) are used to release hydrogen. The TPRD release orientations in a tunnel, which is a confined space, were investigated in this study based on a high-pressure release of hydrogen. In addition, we also propose an evacuation and safety protocol in the event of such an accident. In addition, the dynamics associated with the release of hydrogen were analyzed based on vehicle type. We found that in passenger cars and buses, hydrogen is released from the bottom and top, respectively. The dispersion range in this study was simulated based on a hydrogen concentration of 4%, in which air currents, including those from jet fans in the tunnel, are considered. The results confirm that passenger cars are barely affected by the jet fan airflow, and backward release facilitates evacuation and secures a safety zone more effectively compared with vertical emission. Meanwhile, upward releases were significantly affected by the jet fan. Overall, release in the airflow direction, regardless of the tunnel location, was confirmed to be effective in the context of evacuation and securing safety zones for buses. • Consequence analysis for Thermally-activated Pressure Relief Devices of HFCVs. • Thorough CFD simulations to help the decision-making for emergency responders. • Open space and confined space hazards comparison for different vehicle types. • Open space and confined space hazards comparison for different TPRD release angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.11.208
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 1593
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Fuel cell vehicles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fuel cells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrogen
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric power consumption
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Environmental degradation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fossil fuels
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Risk mitigation study for hydrogen releases from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Han, Hyejeong
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kim, Shinji
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Park, Junyong
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kim, Gyuwon
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jung, Seungho
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          Dates:
            – D: 07
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 03603199
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 54
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
              Type: main
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