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Contrast‐agent‐based perfusion MRI code repository and testing framework: ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI).

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Title: Contrast‐agent‐based perfusion MRI code repository and testing framework: ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI).
Authors: van Houdt, Petra J1 (AUTHOR), Ragunathan, Sudarshan2 (AUTHOR), Berks, Michael3 (AUTHOR), Ahmed, Zaki4 (AUTHOR), Kershaw, Lucy E5 (AUTHOR), Gurney‐Champion, Oliver J6,7 (AUTHOR), Tadimalla, Sirisha8 (AUTHOR), Arvidsson, Jonathan9,10 (AUTHOR), Sun, Yu8 (AUTHOR), Kallehauge, Jesper11,12 (AUTHOR), Dickie, Ben13,14 (AUTHOR), Lévy, Simon15 (AUTHOR), Bell, Laura16 (AUTHOR), Sourbron, Steven17 (AUTHOR), Thrippleton, Michael J18 (AUTHOR) m.j.thrippleton@ed.ac.uk, Johansen, Ole Gunnar (AUTHOR), Orton, Matthew (AUTHOR), Welch, Brian (AUTHOR), Smith, David (AUTHOR), Wardlaw, Joanna M. (AUTHOR)
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. May2024, Vol. 91 Issue 5, p1774-1786. 13p.
Subjects: Perfusion imaging, Open scholarship, Magnetic resonance imaging, Perfusion, Institutional repositories
Abstract: Purpose: Software has a substantial impact on quantitative perfusion MRI values. The lack of generally accepted implementations, code sharing and transparent testing reduces reproducibility, hindering the use of perfusion MRI in clinical trials. To address these issues, the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI) aimed to establish a community‐led, centralized repository for sharing open‐source code for processing contrast‐based perfusion imaging, incorporating an open‐source testing framework. Methods: A repository was established on the OSIPI GitHub website. Python was chosen as the target software language. Calls for code contributions were made to OSIPI members, the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group, and publicly via OSIPI websites. An automated unit‐testing framework was implemented to evaluate the output of code contributions, including visual representation of the results. Results: The repository hosts 86 implementations of perfusion processing steps contributed by 12 individuals or teams. These cover all core aspects of DCE‐ and DSC‐MRI processing, including multiple implementations of the same functionality. Tests were developed for 52 implementations, covering five analysis steps. For T1 mapping, signal‐to‐concentration conversion and population AIF functions, different implementations resulted in near‐identical output values. For the five pharmacokinetic models tested (Tofts, extended Tofts‐Kety, Patlak, two‐compartment exchange, and two‐compartment uptake), differences in output parameters were observed between contributions. Conclusions: The OSIPI DCE‐DSC code repository represents a novel community‐led model for code sharing and testing. The repository facilitates the re‐use of existing code and the benchmarking of new code, promoting enhanced reproducibility in quantitative perfusion imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Contrast‐agent‐based perfusion MRI code repository and testing framework: ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI).
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Houdt%2C+Petra+J%22">van Houdt, Petra J</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ragunathan%2C+Sudarshan%22">Ragunathan, Sudarshan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berks%2C+Michael%22">Berks, Michael</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmed%2C+Zaki%22">Ahmed, Zaki</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kershaw%2C+Lucy+E%22">Kershaw, Lucy E</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gurney‐Champion%2C+Oliver+J%22">Gurney‐Champion, Oliver J</searchLink><relatesTo>6,7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tadimalla%2C+Sirisha%22">Tadimalla, Sirisha</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arvidsson%2C+Jonathan%22">Arvidsson, Jonathan</searchLink><relatesTo>9,10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Yu%22">Sun, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kallehauge%2C+Jesper%22">Kallehauge, Jesper</searchLink><relatesTo>11,12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dickie%2C+Ben%22">Dickie, Ben</searchLink><relatesTo>13,14</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lévy%2C+Simon%22">Lévy, Simon</searchLink><relatesTo>15</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bell%2C+Laura%22">Bell, Laura</searchLink><relatesTo>16</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sourbron%2C+Steven%22">Sourbron, Steven</searchLink><relatesTo>17</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thrippleton%2C+Michael+J%22">Thrippleton, Michael J</searchLink><relatesTo>18</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> m.j.thrippleton@ed.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johansen%2C+Ole+Gunnar%22">Johansen, Ole Gunnar</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Orton%2C+Matthew%22">Orton, Matthew</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Welch%2C+Brian%22">Welch, Brian</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smith%2C+David%22">Smith, David</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wardlaw%2C+Joanna+M%2E%22">Wardlaw, Joanna M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine%22">Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</searchLink>. May2024, Vol. 91 Issue 5, p1774-1786. 13p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perfusion+imaging%22">Perfusion imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Open+scholarship%22">Open scholarship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perfusion%22">Perfusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Institutional+repositories%22">Institutional repositories</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: Software has a substantial impact on quantitative perfusion MRI values. The lack of generally accepted implementations, code sharing and transparent testing reduces reproducibility, hindering the use of perfusion MRI in clinical trials. To address these issues, the ISMRM Open Science Initiative for Perfusion Imaging (OSIPI) aimed to establish a community‐led, centralized repository for sharing open‐source code for processing contrast‐based perfusion imaging, incorporating an open‐source testing framework. Methods: A repository was established on the OSIPI GitHub website. Python was chosen as the target software language. Calls for code contributions were made to OSIPI members, the ISMRM Perfusion Study Group, and publicly via OSIPI websites. An automated unit‐testing framework was implemented to evaluate the output of code contributions, including visual representation of the results. Results: The repository hosts 86 implementations of perfusion processing steps contributed by 12 individuals or teams. These cover all core aspects of DCE‐ and DSC‐MRI processing, including multiple implementations of the same functionality. Tests were developed for 52 implementations, covering five analysis steps. For T1 mapping, signal‐to‐concentration conversion and population AIF functions, different implementations resulted in near‐identical output values. For the five pharmacokinetic models tested (Tofts, extended Tofts‐Kety, Patlak, two‐compartment exchange, and two‐compartment uptake), differences in output parameters were observed between contributions. Conclusions: The OSIPI DCE‐DSC code repository represents a novel community‐led model for code sharing and testing. The repository facilitates the re‐use of existing code and the benchmarking of new code, promoting enhanced reproducibility in quantitative perfusion imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.29826
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