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Recommended implementation of quantitative susceptibility mapping for clinical research in the brain: A consensus of the ISMRM electro‐magnetic tissue properties study group.

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Title: Recommended implementation of quantitative susceptibility mapping for clinical research in the brain: A consensus of the ISMRM electro‐magnetic tissue properties study group.
Authors: Bilgic, Berkin1 (AUTHOR), Costagli, Mauro2,3 (AUTHOR), Chan, Kwok‐Shing1,4 (AUTHOR), Duyn, Jeff5 (AUTHOR), Langkammer, Christian6 (AUTHOR), Lee, Jongho7 (AUTHOR), Li, Xu8,9 (AUTHOR), Liu, Chunlei10,11 (AUTHOR), Marques, José P.4 (AUTHOR), Milovic, Carlos12 (AUTHOR), Robinson, Simon Daniel13,14 (AUTHOR), Schweser, Ferdinand15,16 (AUTHOR) schweser@buffalo.edu, Shmueli, Karin17 (AUTHOR), Spincemaille, Pascal18 (AUTHOR), Straub, Sina19 (AUTHOR), van Zijl, Peter8,9 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yi20 (AUTHOR) yw233@cornell.edu
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. May2024, Vol. 91 Issue 5, p1834-1862. 29p.
Subjects: Brain research, Medical research, Magnetic susceptibility, Brain mapping, Medical communication
Abstract: This article provides recommendations for implementing QSM for clinical brain research. It is a consensus of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Electro‐Magnetic Tissue Properties Study Group. While QSM technical development continues to advance rapidly, the current QSM methods have been demonstrated to be repeatable and reproducible for generating quantitative tissue magnetic susceptibility maps in the brain. However, the many QSM approaches available have generated a need in the neuroimaging community for guidelines on implementation. This article outlines considerations and implementation recommendations for QSM data acquisition, processing, analysis, and publication. We recommend that data be acquired using a monopolar 3D multi‐echo gradient echo (GRE) sequence and that phase images be saved and exported in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format and unwrapped using an exact unwrapping approach. Multi‐echo images should be combined before background field removal, and a brain mask created using a brain extraction tool with the incorporation of phase‐quality‐based masking. Background fields within the brain mask should be removed using a technique based on SHARP or PDF, and the optimization approach to dipole inversion should be employed with a sparsity‐based regularization. Susceptibility values should be measured relative to a specified reference, including the common reference region of the whole brain as a region of interest in the analysis. The minimum acquisition and processing details required when reporting QSM results are also provided. These recommendations should facilitate clinical QSM research and promote harmonized data acquisition, analysis, and reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Recommended implementation of quantitative susceptibility mapping for clinical research in the brain: A consensus of the ISMRM electro‐magnetic tissue properties study group.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bilgic%2C+Berkin%22">Bilgic, Berkin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Costagli%2C+Mauro%22">Costagli, Mauro</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chan%2C+Kwok‐Shing%22">Chan, Kwok‐Shing</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duyn%2C+Jeff%22">Duyn, Jeff</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Langkammer%2C+Christian%22">Langkammer, Christian</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Jongho%22">Lee, Jongho</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Xu%22">Li, Xu</searchLink><relatesTo>8,9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Chunlei%22">Liu, Chunlei</searchLink><relatesTo>10,11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marques%2C+José+P%2E%22">Marques, José P.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Milovic%2C+Carlos%22">Milovic, Carlos</searchLink><relatesTo>12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robinson%2C+Simon+Daniel%22">Robinson, Simon Daniel</searchLink><relatesTo>13,14</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schweser%2C+Ferdinand%22">Schweser, Ferdinand</searchLink><relatesTo>15,16</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> schweser@buffalo.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shmueli%2C+Karin%22">Shmueli, Karin</searchLink><relatesTo>17</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spincemaille%2C+Pascal%22">Spincemaille, Pascal</searchLink><relatesTo>18</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Straub%2C+Sina%22">Straub, Sina</searchLink><relatesTo>19</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Zijl%2C+Peter%22">van Zijl, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>8,9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yi%22">Wang, Yi</searchLink><relatesTo>20</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yw233@cornell.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine%22">Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</searchLink>. May2024, Vol. 91 Issue 5, p1834-1862. 29p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+research%22">Brain research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+research%22">Medical research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+susceptibility%22">Magnetic susceptibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+mapping%22">Brain mapping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+communication%22">Medical communication</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This article provides recommendations for implementing QSM for clinical brain research. It is a consensus of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Electro‐Magnetic Tissue Properties Study Group. While QSM technical development continues to advance rapidly, the current QSM methods have been demonstrated to be repeatable and reproducible for generating quantitative tissue magnetic susceptibility maps in the brain. However, the many QSM approaches available have generated a need in the neuroimaging community for guidelines on implementation. This article outlines considerations and implementation recommendations for QSM data acquisition, processing, analysis, and publication. We recommend that data be acquired using a monopolar 3D multi‐echo gradient echo (GRE) sequence and that phase images be saved and exported in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format and unwrapped using an exact unwrapping approach. Multi‐echo images should be combined before background field removal, and a brain mask created using a brain extraction tool with the incorporation of phase‐quality‐based masking. Background fields within the brain mask should be removed using a technique based on SHARP or PDF, and the optimization approach to dipole inversion should be employed with a sparsity‐based regularization. Susceptibility values should be measured relative to a specified reference, including the common reference region of the whole brain as a region of interest in the analysis. The minimum acquisition and processing details required when reporting QSM results are also provided. These recommendations should facilitate clinical QSM research and promote harmonized data acquisition, analysis, and reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.30006
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        Text: English
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