Effect of repeated salt fog-dry cycles on the performances reversibility of flax fiber reinforced composites.
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| Title: | Effect of repeated salt fog-dry cycles on the performances reversibility of flax fiber reinforced composites. |
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| Authors: | Fiore, V.1 (AUTHOR) vincenzo.fiore@unipa.it, Calabrese, L.2 (AUTHOR), Sanfilippo, C.1 (AUTHOR), Proverbio, E.2 (AUTHOR), Valenza, A.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Polymer Testing. Jun2024, Vol. 135, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. |
| Subjects: | Flax, Fibrous composites, Composite materials, Flexural strength, Sustainable development |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of flax fiber reinforced epoxy composites (FFRCs) under realistic environmental conditions, contributing to the development of sustainable composite materials for semi-structural outdoor applications. For this purpose, the reversibility of FFRC performance under consecutive and repeated humid-dry aging cycles was investigated for the first time. In particular, FFRCs were exposed to three cycles (total aging time of 12 weeks), with each cycle (duration 4 weeks) comprising 10 days of wetting (salt-fog spray; 35 °C, 95 % RH, 5 wt% NaCl solution) and 18 days of drying (22 °C, 50 % RH). Three-point bending tests were carried out up to 18 days of drying within each cycle to monitor changes in the mechanical performances of composites. Water absorption capacity, density and void content were also assessed by tracking weight changes throughout the aging campaign. The experimental results highlighted that the humid phase of each cycle causes degradation of FFRC materials, even though they are able to fully recover their flexural strength during each dry phase, indicating reversible aging. On the other hand, a stiffness permanent reduction was observed due to irreversible degradation phenomena. • Flax fiber reinforced composites (FFRCs) was exposed to repeated salt fog-dry cycles. • Flexural tests and water uptake measurements were performed. • FFRCs experienced mainly reversible degradative phenomena. • FFRCs showed complete recovery of flexural strength at the end of the dry phase. • The stiffness recovery was found to be less relevant than the strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Polymer Testing is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 177756201 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Effect of repeated salt fog-dry cycles on the performances reversibility of flax fiber reinforced composites. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fiore%2C+V%2E%22">Fiore, V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> vincenzo.fiore@unipa.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Calabrese%2C+L%2E%22">Calabrese, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanfilippo%2C+C%2E%22">Sanfilippo, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Proverbio%2C+E%2E%22">Proverbio, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valenza%2C+A%2E%22">Valenza, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymer+Testing%22">Polymer Testing</searchLink>. Jun2024, Vol. 135, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flax%22">Flax</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fibrous+composites%22">Fibrous composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+materials%22">Composite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flexural+strength%22">Flexural strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainable+development%22">Sustainable development</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of flax fiber reinforced epoxy composites (FFRCs) under realistic environmental conditions, contributing to the development of sustainable composite materials for semi-structural outdoor applications. For this purpose, the reversibility of FFRC performance under consecutive and repeated humid-dry aging cycles was investigated for the first time. In particular, FFRCs were exposed to three cycles (total aging time of 12 weeks), with each cycle (duration 4 weeks) comprising 10 days of wetting (salt-fog spray; 35 °C, 95 % RH, 5 wt% NaCl solution) and 18 days of drying (22 °C, 50 % RH). Three-point bending tests were carried out up to 18 days of drying within each cycle to monitor changes in the mechanical performances of composites. Water absorption capacity, density and void content were also assessed by tracking weight changes throughout the aging campaign. The experimental results highlighted that the humid phase of each cycle causes degradation of FFRC materials, even though they are able to fully recover their flexural strength during each dry phase, indicating reversible aging. On the other hand, a stiffness permanent reduction was observed due to irreversible degradation phenomena. • Flax fiber reinforced composites (FFRCs) was exposed to repeated salt fog-dry cycles. • Flexural tests and water uptake measurements were performed. • FFRCs experienced mainly reversible degradative phenomena. • FFRCs showed complete recovery of flexural strength at the end of the dry phase. • The stiffness recovery was found to be less relevant than the strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Polymer Testing is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2024.108472 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 1 StartPage: N.PAG Subjects: – SubjectFull: Flax Type: general – SubjectFull: Fibrous composites Type: general – SubjectFull: Composite materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Flexural strength Type: general – SubjectFull: Sustainable development Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Effect of repeated salt fog-dry cycles on the performances reversibility of flax fiber reinforced composites. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fiore, V. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Calabrese, L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sanfilippo, C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Proverbio, E. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Valenza, A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2024 Type: published Y: 2024 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01429418 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 135 Titles: – TitleFull: Polymer Testing Type: main |
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