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Neutron detection in mixed short-pulsed fields with intense photon flashes for LINAC-based active interrogation applications.

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Title: Neutron detection in mixed short-pulsed fields with intense photon flashes for LINAC-based active interrogation applications.
Authors: Besnard-Vauterin, C.1 (AUTHOR) clement.besnardvauterin@cea.fr, Rapp, B.1 (AUTHOR) benjamin.rapp@cea.fr, Blideanu, V.1 (AUTHOR) valentin.blideanu@cea.fr
Source: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A. Jul2024, Vol. 1064, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Neutron counters, Photon detectors, Photons, Liquid scintillators, Form perception, Linear accelerators, Neutron emission
Abstract: High-energy photon interrogation has established itself as a valuable tool for detecting special nuclear materials and characterizing nuclear waste. Previous research predominantly uses around 9-MV linear electron accelerators (LINACs) as photon sources and limited exploration has been conducted on the use of organic scintillators to determine the energy deposited in the detector and to separate photon and neutron radiation, crucial when the photon interrogation is based on the measurement of the neutron emission. The challenge arises from the intense photon flux typically produced by electron accelerators, resulting in issues such as pulse pile-up, detector saturation, and a suboptimal signal-to-background ratio. This study aims to extend the applicability of the conventional Active Photon Interrogation (API) techniques by introducing a novel method enabling the detection, in addition to nuclear materials, of light elements—specifically nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon—known to be present in conventional explosives, narcotics, and chemical weapons. The approach relies on active photon interrogation at high energies above 12 MeV, coupled with photoneutron spectrometry. Using a 22-MV electron LINAC, pulse shape discrimination with an organic liquid scintillator demonstrated promising performance. Our results highlight that the conventional pulse shape discrimination capabilities and rapid time-scale operation of organic scintillators enable the detection of fast neutrons from (γ,Xn) reactions, even in a mixed short-pulsed field of photon and neutron radiation with intense photon flashes. This exploration of the initial experimental aspects of photoneutron detection induced by high-energy photons establishes a foundation for a promising new method for the detection of illicit materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 177881010
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Neutron detection in mixed short-pulsed fields with intense photon flashes for LINAC-based active interrogation applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+counters%22">Neutron counters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photon+detectors%22">Photon detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photons%22">Photons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+scintillators%22">Liquid scintillators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Form+perception%22">Form perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Linear+accelerators%22">Linear accelerators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+emission%22">Neutron emission</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: High-energy photon interrogation has established itself as a valuable tool for detecting special nuclear materials and characterizing nuclear waste. Previous research predominantly uses around 9-MV linear electron accelerators (LINACs) as photon sources and limited exploration has been conducted on the use of organic scintillators to determine the energy deposited in the detector and to separate photon and neutron radiation, crucial when the photon interrogation is based on the measurement of the neutron emission. The challenge arises from the intense photon flux typically produced by electron accelerators, resulting in issues such as pulse pile-up, detector saturation, and a suboptimal signal-to-background ratio. This study aims to extend the applicability of the conventional Active Photon Interrogation (API) techniques by introducing a novel method enabling the detection, in addition to nuclear materials, of light elements—specifically nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon—known to be present in conventional explosives, narcotics, and chemical weapons. The approach relies on active photon interrogation at high energies above 12 MeV, coupled with photoneutron spectrometry. Using a 22-MV electron LINAC, pulse shape discrimination with an organic liquid scintillator demonstrated promising performance. Our results highlight that the conventional pulse shape discrimination capabilities and rapid time-scale operation of organic scintillators enable the detection of fast neutrons from (γ,Xn) reactions, even in a mixed short-pulsed field of photon and neutron radiation with intense photon flashes. This exploration of the initial experimental aspects of photoneutron detection induced by high-energy photons establishes a foundation for a promising new method for the detection of illicit materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.nima.2024.169403
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Neutron counters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photon detectors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Liquid scintillators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Form perception
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Linear accelerators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutron emission
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Neutron detection in mixed short-pulsed fields with intense photon flashes for LINAC-based active interrogation applications.
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            NameFull: Besnard-Vauterin, C.
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            NameFull: Rapp, B.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2024
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              Y: 2024
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