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Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.

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Title: Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.
Authors: Shanks, Orin C.1 (AUTHOR) shanks.orin@epa.gov, Diedrich, Adam1 (AUTHOR), Sivaganesan, Mano1 (AUTHOR), Willis, Jessica R.1 (AUTHOR), Sharifi, Amirreza2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Water Research. Aug2024, Vol. 259, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Storm drains, Urban runoff management, Escherichia coli, Land use mapping, Urban animals, Weather
Geographic Terms: Washington (D.C.)
Abstract: • Urban storm sewer system discharges frequently contained elevated E. coli levels. • Storm discharges consisted of human, avian, ruminant, and dog fecal sources. • Fecal sources varied between 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharge conditions. • Catchment land use was significantly correlated with human and dog fecal sources. • 'Dry' weather discharges often contained substances that bias DNA recovery. Urban areas are built environments containing substantial amounts of impervious surfaces (e.g., streets, sidewalks, roof tops). These areas often include elaborately engineered drainage networks designed to collect, transport, and discharge untreated stormwater into local surface waters. When left uncontrolled, these discharges may contain unsafe levels of fecal waste from sources such as sanitary sewage and wildlife even under dry weather conditions. This study evaluates paired measurements of host-associated genetic markers (log 10 copies per reaction) indicative of human (HF183/BacR287 and HumM2), ruminant (Rum2Bac), canine (DG3), and avian (GFD) fecal sources, 12-hour cumulative precipitation (mm), four catchment land use metrics determined by global information system (GIS) mapping, and Escherichia coli (MPN/100 ml) from seven municipal separate storm sewer system outfall locations situated at the southern portion of the Anacostia River Watershed (District of Columbia, U.S.A.). A total of 231 discharge samples were collected twice per month (n = 24 sampling days) and after rain events (n = 9) over a 13-month period. Approximately 50 % of samples (n = 116) were impaired, exceeding the local E. coli single sample maximum of 2.613 log 10 MPN/100 ml. Genetic quality controls indicated the absence of amplification inhibition in 97.8 % of samples, however 14.7 % (n = 34) samples showed bias in DNA recovery. Of eligible samples, quantifiable levels were observed for avian (84.1 %), human (57.4 % for HF183/BacR287 and 40 % for HumM2), canine (46.7 %), and ruminant (15.9 %) host-associated genetic markers. Potential links between paired measurements are explored with a recently developed Bayesian qPCR censored data analysis approach. Findings indicate that human, pet, and urban wildlife all contribute to storm outfall discharge water quality in the District of Columbia, but pollutant source contributions vary based on 'wet' and 'dry' conditions and catchment land use, demonstrating that genetic-based fecal source identification methods combined with GIS land use mapping can complement routine E. coli monitoring to improve stormwater management in urban areas. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Water Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shanks%2C+Orin+C%2E%22">Shanks, Orin C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> shanks.orin@epa.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Diedrich%2C+Adam%22">Diedrich, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sivaganesan%2C+Mano%22">Sivaganesan, Mano</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Willis%2C+Jessica+R%2E%22">Willis, Jessica R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharifi%2C+Amirreza%22">Sharifi, Amirreza</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Storm+drains%22">Storm drains</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urban+runoff+management%22">Urban runoff management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Escherichia+coli%22">Escherichia coli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Land+use+mapping%22">Land use mapping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urban+animals%22">Urban animals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Weather%22">Weather</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: • Urban storm sewer system discharges frequently contained elevated E. coli levels. • Storm discharges consisted of human, avian, ruminant, and dog fecal sources. • Fecal sources varied between 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharge conditions. • Catchment land use was significantly correlated with human and dog fecal sources. • 'Dry' weather discharges often contained substances that bias DNA recovery. Urban areas are built environments containing substantial amounts of impervious surfaces (e.g., streets, sidewalks, roof tops). These areas often include elaborately engineered drainage networks designed to collect, transport, and discharge untreated stormwater into local surface waters. When left uncontrolled, these discharges may contain unsafe levels of fecal waste from sources such as sanitary sewage and wildlife even under dry weather conditions. This study evaluates paired measurements of host-associated genetic markers (log 10 copies per reaction) indicative of human (HF183/BacR287 and HumM2), ruminant (Rum2Bac), canine (DG3), and avian (GFD) fecal sources, 12-hour cumulative precipitation (mm), four catchment land use metrics determined by global information system (GIS) mapping, and Escherichia coli (MPN/100 ml) from seven municipal separate storm sewer system outfall locations situated at the southern portion of the Anacostia River Watershed (District of Columbia, U.S.A.). A total of 231 discharge samples were collected twice per month (n = 24 sampling days) and after rain events (n = 9) over a 13-month period. Approximately 50 % of samples (n = 116) were impaired, exceeding the local E. coli single sample maximum of 2.613 log 10 MPN/100 ml. Genetic quality controls indicated the absence of amplification inhibition in 97.8 % of samples, however 14.7 % (n = 34) samples showed bias in DNA recovery. Of eligible samples, quantifiable levels were observed for avian (84.1 %), human (57.4 % for HF183/BacR287 and 40 % for HumM2), canine (46.7 %), and ruminant (15.9 %) host-associated genetic markers. Potential links between paired measurements are explored with a recently developed Bayesian qPCR censored data analysis approach. Findings indicate that human, pet, and urban wildlife all contribute to storm outfall discharge water quality in the District of Columbia, but pollutant source contributions vary based on 'wet' and 'dry' conditions and catchment land use, demonstrating that genetic-based fecal source identification methods combined with GIS land use mapping can complement routine E. coli monitoring to improve stormwater management in urban areas. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Water Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=178021877
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121857
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Storm drains
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urban runoff management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Escherichia coli
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Land use mapping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urban animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Weather
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Washington (D.C.)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Shanks, Orin C.
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            NameFull: Diedrich, Adam
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            NameFull: Sivaganesan, Mano
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            NameFull: Willis, Jessica R.
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            NameFull: Sharifi, Amirreza
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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              Value: 259
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