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Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions.

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Title: Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions.
Authors: M, Vinoth Kumar1 (AUTHOR) vinoptic88@gmail.com, Singh, Rupali1 (AUTHOR) rupal.rishi@gmail.com, Karuppiah, Marimuthu2 (AUTHOR) marimuthume@gmail.com
Source: International Journal of Communication Systems. Aug2024, Vol. 37 Issue 12, p1-22. 22p.
Subjects: Weather, Forward error correction, Bit error rate, Signal processing, Atmospheric turbulence, Data transmission systems, Fog
Abstract: Summary: The technique to overcome the challenge while implementing the fiber optical link is investigated using an alternative optical link called a free‐space optical (FSO) link with advanced modulation and signal processing techniques. A dual‐polarized 16‐quadrature amplitude‐modulated signal is transmitted over single and multi‐FSO channels under various atmospheric attenuation conditions. High bandwidth and data rates (up to 10 Gbps), unlicensed spectrum (above 300 GHz), and simplicity of deployment are significant benefits of the FSO system. However, the weather conditions of haze, rain, and fog cause signal attenuation when the optical carrier wave is transmitted over free space, and atmospheric turbulence is a challenge to FSO implementation, which degrades the transmission performance of optical signals for long‐distance communication. For 120 Gbps data transmission, the performance of a multi‐input and multi‐output (MIMO) FSO system is evaluated by observing the bit error rate (BER) and received signal constellation diagram. Optical signal‐to‐noise ratio (OSNR) parameters were iterated to determine the optimal value for back‐to‐back, single‐input, single‐output (SISO), and MIMO systems. Moreover, we examined the proposed system's output with recent articles, including MIMO, multiplexing, and various modulation techniques. The comparison of results shows that the suggested MIMO‐FSO model has enhanced the performance with the lower BER as less than 3.8 × 10−3 (log of BER is −2.42) forward error correction (FEC) limit for 18.7 km link range in clear air with 0.54 dB/km attenuation, 4.8, 4.5, 1.35, and 0.57 km under haze, light fog, medium, and heavy fog with 4.6, 6.9, 28.9, and 75 dB/km attenuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Communication Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22M%2C+Vinoth+Kumar%22">M, Vinoth Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> vinoptic88@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+Rupali%22">Singh, Rupali</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rupal.rishi@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karuppiah%2C+Marimuthu%22">Karuppiah, Marimuthu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> marimuthume@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Communication+Systems%22">International Journal of Communication Systems</searchLink>. Aug2024, Vol. 37 Issue 12, p1-22. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Weather%22">Weather</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forward+error+correction%22">Forward error correction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bit+error+rate%22">Bit error rate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal+processing%22">Signal processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+turbulence%22">Atmospheric turbulence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+transmission+systems%22">Data transmission systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fog%22">Fog</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Summary: The technique to overcome the challenge while implementing the fiber optical link is investigated using an alternative optical link called a free‐space optical (FSO) link with advanced modulation and signal processing techniques. A dual‐polarized 16‐quadrature amplitude‐modulated signal is transmitted over single and multi‐FSO channels under various atmospheric attenuation conditions. High bandwidth and data rates (up to 10 Gbps), unlicensed spectrum (above 300 GHz), and simplicity of deployment are significant benefits of the FSO system. However, the weather conditions of haze, rain, and fog cause signal attenuation when the optical carrier wave is transmitted over free space, and atmospheric turbulence is a challenge to FSO implementation, which degrades the transmission performance of optical signals for long‐distance communication. For 120 Gbps data transmission, the performance of a multi‐input and multi‐output (MIMO) FSO system is evaluated by observing the bit error rate (BER) and received signal constellation diagram. Optical signal‐to‐noise ratio (OSNR) parameters were iterated to determine the optimal value for back‐to‐back, single‐input, single‐output (SISO), and MIMO systems. Moreover, we examined the proposed system's output with recent articles, including MIMO, multiplexing, and various modulation techniques. The comparison of results shows that the suggested MIMO‐FSO model has enhanced the performance with the lower BER as less than 3.8 × 10−3 (log of BER is −2.42) forward error correction (FEC) limit for 18.7 km link range in clear air with 0.54 dB/km attenuation, 4.8, 4.5, 1.35, and 0.57 km under haze, light fog, medium, and heavy fog with 4.6, 6.9, 28.9, and 75 dB/km attenuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Communication Systems is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/dac.5816
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 22
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      – SubjectFull: Weather
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forward error correction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bit error rate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Signal processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric turbulence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data transmission systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fog
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mitigation of atmospheric losses using dual‐polarized 16‐QAM MIMO technique in free‐space optical system in various weather conditions.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: M, Vinoth Kumar
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            NameFull: Singh, Rupali
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            NameFull: Karuppiah, Marimuthu
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Communication Systems
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