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Structural, elastic, and optical properties of holmium–ytterbium-doped borotellurite glass for possible applications in optical fiber sensing.

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Title: Structural, elastic, and optical properties of holmium–ytterbium-doped borotellurite glass for possible applications in optical fiber sensing.
Authors: Mazlan, M.1,2 (AUTHOR), Winie, Tan1 (AUTHOR), Sazali, E. S.3 (AUTHOR), Malek, M. F.1,4 (AUTHOR), Zaid, M. H. M.5 (AUTHOR), Azlan, M. N.6 (AUTHOR), Hisam, R.1 (AUTHOR) rosdiyana@uitm.edu.my
Source: Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing. Jul2024, Vol. 130 Issue 7, p1-22. 22p.
Subjects: Optical properties, Optical conductivity, Optical glass, Glass, Refractive index, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Optical fibers
Abstract: A series of mixed glass formers (MGF) with varying compositions denoted as (79-x)B2O3-xTeO2-20Li2O-0.5Ho2O3-0.5Yb2O3 (x = 0–50 mol%) were prepared using the melt-quenching technique. This aim of this study was to examine the effect of combining glass formers TeO2 and B2O3 on the structural, DC conductivity, elastic, and optical properties of the glass system. XRD measurements confirmed the amorphous nature of the glass samples. Structural analysis revealed a rivalry between the TeO2 and B2O3 formers. It was observed that the bridging oxygen (BO) indicated by the BO4 functional group decreases gradually at x ≥ 40 mol%, implying that non-bridging oxygen (NBO) units, denoted by BO3, become dominant beyond 40 mol%. The variation in DC conductivity showed a non-linear behaviour upon addition of TeO2, with the conductivity increasing to a maximum value at x = 30 mol% before decreasing at x > 30 mol%. Interestingly, the conductivity showed a slight decline at x = 40 mol%, possibly resisting a decrease due to the mixed glass former effect (MGFE). Elastic moduli such as CL, Ke and Y exhibited a non-linear decrease between 10 ≤ x ≤ 30 mol% and reached a lowest value for x = 40 mol%, which coincided with the maximum of DC conductivity attributed to MGFE. Quantitative analysis of ultrasonic data, utilizing bulk compression and ring deformation models, revealed that the Kbc/Ke value is maximum at x = 40 mol%, implying a reduction in ring deformation within the MGFE region. UV–Vis spectroscopy demonstrated that with increasing TeO2 content, Eopt and Eopt' decreased except for x = 40 mol%. The refractive index, n also increased except at x = 40 mol%. The alternating dominance of BO and NBO in the MGFE region led to this conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Structural, elastic, and optical properties of holmium–ytterbium-doped borotellurite glass for possible applications in optical fiber sensing.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mazlan%2C+M%2E%22">Mazlan, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Winie%2C+Tan%22">Winie, Tan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sazali%2C+E%2E+S%2E%22">Sazali, E. S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malek%2C+M%2E+F%2E%22">Malek, M. F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zaid%2C+M%2E+H%2E+M%2E%22">Zaid, M. H. M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azlan%2C+M%2E+N%2E%22">Azlan, M. N.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hisam%2C+R%2E%22">Hisam, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rosdiyana@uitm.edu.my</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Physics+A%3A+Materials+Science+%26+Processing%22">Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing</searchLink>. Jul2024, Vol. 130 Issue 7, p1-22. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+properties%22">Optical properties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+conductivity%22">Optical conductivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+glass%22">Optical glass</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glass%22">Glass</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Refractive+index%22">Refractive index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultraviolet-visible+spectroscopy%22">Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fibers%22">Optical fibers</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: A series of mixed glass formers (MGF) with varying compositions denoted as (79-x)B2O3-xTeO2-20Li2O-0.5Ho2O3-0.5Yb2O3 (x = 0–50 mol%) were prepared using the melt-quenching technique. This aim of this study was to examine the effect of combining glass formers TeO2 and B2O3 on the structural, DC conductivity, elastic, and optical properties of the glass system. XRD measurements confirmed the amorphous nature of the glass samples. Structural analysis revealed a rivalry between the TeO2 and B2O3 formers. It was observed that the bridging oxygen (BO) indicated by the BO4 functional group decreases gradually at x ≥ 40 mol%, implying that non-bridging oxygen (NBO) units, denoted by BO3, become dominant beyond 40 mol%. The variation in DC conductivity showed a non-linear behaviour upon addition of TeO2, with the conductivity increasing to a maximum value at x = 30 mol% before decreasing at x > 30 mol%. Interestingly, the conductivity showed a slight decline at x = 40 mol%, possibly resisting a decrease due to the mixed glass former effect (MGFE). Elastic moduli such as CL, Ke and Y exhibited a non-linear decrease between 10 ≤ x ≤ 30 mol% and reached a lowest value for x = 40 mol%, which coincided with the maximum of DC conductivity attributed to MGFE. Quantitative analysis of ultrasonic data, utilizing bulk compression and ring deformation models, revealed that the Kbc/Ke value is maximum at x = 40 mol%, implying a reduction in ring deformation within the MGFE region. UV–Vis spectroscopy demonstrated that with increasing TeO2 content, Eopt and Eopt' decreased except for x = 40 mol%. The refractive index, n also increased except at x = 40 mol%. The alternating dominance of BO and NBO in the MGFE region led to this conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical conductivity
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      – SubjectFull: Optical glass
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      – SubjectFull: Refractive index
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      – TitleFull: Structural, elastic, and optical properties of holmium–ytterbium-doped borotellurite glass for possible applications in optical fiber sensing.
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              Text: Jul2024
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