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Amazonian rivers are leaky barriers to gene flow in forest understory birds.

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Title: Amazonian rivers are leaky barriers to gene flow in forest understory birds.
Authors: Weir, Jason T.1,2,3 (AUTHOR) jason.weir@utoronto.ca, Aleixo, Alexandre4,5 (AUTHOR) alexandre.aleixo@itv.org, Pulido-Santacruz, Paola1,6 (AUTHOR) paopulido@gmail.com
Source: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 9/4/2024, Vol. 291 Issue 2030, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: Gene flow, Forest birds, Streamflow, Species diversity, Vicariance
Abstract: Ever since Alfred Russel Wallace's nineteenth-century observation that related terrestrial species are often separated on opposing riverbanks, major Amazonian rivers have been recognized as key drivers of speciation. However, rivers are dynamic entities whose widths and courses may vary through time. It thus remains unknown how effective rivers are at reducing gene flow and promoting speciation over long timescales. We fit demographic models to genomic sequences to reconstruct the history of gene flow in three pairs of avian taxa fully separated by different Amazonian rivers, and whose geographic ranges do not make contact in headwater regions where rivers may cease to be barriers. Models with gene flow were best fit but still supported an initial period without any gene flow, which ranged from 187 000 to over 959 000 years, suggesting that rivers are capable of initiating speciation through long stretches of allopatric divergence. Allopatry was followed by either bursts or prolonged episodes of gene flow that retarded genomic differentiation but did not fully homogenize populations. Our results support Amazonian rivers as key barriers that promoted speciation and the build-up of species richness, but they also suggest that river barriers are often leaky, with genomic divergence accumulating slowly owing to episodes of substantial gene flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is the property of Royal Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Amazonian rivers are leaky barriers to gene flow in forest understory birds.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weir%2C+Jason+T%2E%22">Weir, Jason T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jason.weir@utoronto.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aleixo%2C+Alexandre%22">Aleixo, Alexandre</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> alexandre.aleixo@itv.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pulido-Santacruz%2C+Paola%22">Pulido-Santacruz, Paola</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> paopulido@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences%22">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</searchLink>. 9/4/2024, Vol. 291 Issue 2030, p1-11. 11p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gene+flow%22">Gene flow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forest+birds%22">Forest birds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Streamflow%22">Streamflow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Species+diversity%22">Species diversity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vicariance%22">Vicariance</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Ever since Alfred Russel Wallace's nineteenth-century observation that related terrestrial species are often separated on opposing riverbanks, major Amazonian rivers have been recognized as key drivers of speciation. However, rivers are dynamic entities whose widths and courses may vary through time. It thus remains unknown how effective rivers are at reducing gene flow and promoting speciation over long timescales. We fit demographic models to genomic sequences to reconstruct the history of gene flow in three pairs of avian taxa fully separated by different Amazonian rivers, and whose geographic ranges do not make contact in headwater regions where rivers may cease to be barriers. Models with gene flow were best fit but still supported an initial period without any gene flow, which ranged from 187 000 to over 959 000 years, suggesting that rivers are capable of initiating speciation through long stretches of allopatric divergence. Allopatry was followed by either bursts or prolonged episodes of gene flow that retarded genomic differentiation but did not fully homogenize populations. Our results support Amazonian rivers as key barriers that promoted speciation and the build-up of species richness, but they also suggest that river barriers are often leaky, with genomic divergence accumulating slowly owing to episodes of substantial gene flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is the property of Royal Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0795
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Gene flow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forest birds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Streamflow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Species diversity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vicariance
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Amazonian rivers are leaky barriers to gene flow in forest understory birds.
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            NameFull: Weir, Jason T.
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            NameFull: Aleixo, Alexandre
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            NameFull: Pulido-Santacruz, Paola
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          Dates:
            – D: 04
              M: 09
              Text: 9/4/2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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              Value: 291
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              Value: 2030
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            – TitleFull: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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