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Injury Risk Functions for the Midsized Male Wrist and Elbow as a Result of Behind Shield Blunt Trauma.

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Title: Injury Risk Functions for the Midsized Male Wrist and Elbow as a Result of Behind Shield Blunt Trauma.
Authors: de Lange, J. E.1, Burrows, L.2, Quenneville, C. E.1,3 quennev@mcmaster.ca
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. Oct2024, Vol. 146 Issue 10, p1-7. 7p.
Subjects: Wrist, Elbow, Blunt trauma, Distal radius fractures, Wrist fractures, Forelimb, Wounds & injuries
Abstract: Ballistic shields protect users from a variety of threats, including projectiles. Shield back-face deformation (BFD) is the result of the shield deflecting or absorbing a projectile and deforming toward the user. Back-face deformation can result in localized blunt loading to the upper extremity, where the shield is supported by the user. Two vulnerable locations along the upper extremity were investigated—the wrist and elbow—on eight postmortem human subjects (PMHS) using a pneumatic impacting apparatus for investigating the fracture threshold as a result of behind shield blunt trauma (BSBT). Impacting parameters were established by subjecting an augmented WorldSID anthropomorphic test device (ATD) positioned behind a ballistic shield to ballistic impacts. These data were used to form the impact parameters applied to PMHS, where the wrist most frequently fractured at the distal radius and the elbow most frequently fractured at the radial head. The fracture threshold for the wrist was 5663±1386 N (mean±standard deviation), higher than the elbow at 4765±894 N (though not significantly, p = 0.15). The failure impact velocity for wrist impacts was 17.7±2.1 m/s, while for the elbow, the failure impact velocity was 19.5±0.9 m/s. An approximate 10% risk of fracture threshold was identified on the modified WorldSID ATD (no flesh analogue included) to inform future protective standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Biomechanical Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 179654942
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Injury Risk Functions for the Midsized Male Wrist and Elbow as a Result of Behind Shield Blunt Trauma.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Lange%2C+J%2E+E%2E%22">de Lange, J. E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burrows%2C+L%2E%22">Burrows, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Quenneville%2C+C%2E+E%2E%22">Quenneville, C. E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><i> quennev@mcmaster.ca</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Biomechanical+Engineering%22">Journal of Biomechanical Engineering</searchLink>. Oct2024, Vol. 146 Issue 10, p1-7. 7p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wrist%22">Wrist</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elbow%22">Elbow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blunt+trauma%22">Blunt trauma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Distal+radius+fractures%22">Distal radius fractures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wrist+fractures%22">Wrist fractures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forelimb%22">Forelimb</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wounds+%26+injuries%22">Wounds & injuries</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Ballistic shields protect users from a variety of threats, including projectiles. Shield back-face deformation (BFD) is the result of the shield deflecting or absorbing a projectile and deforming toward the user. Back-face deformation can result in localized blunt loading to the upper extremity, where the shield is supported by the user. Two vulnerable locations along the upper extremity were investigated—the wrist and elbow—on eight postmortem human subjects (PMHS) using a pneumatic impacting apparatus for investigating the fracture threshold as a result of behind shield blunt trauma (BSBT). Impacting parameters were established by subjecting an augmented WorldSID anthropomorphic test device (ATD) positioned behind a ballistic shield to ballistic impacts. These data were used to form the impact parameters applied to PMHS, where the wrist most frequently fractured at the distal radius and the elbow most frequently fractured at the radial head. The fracture threshold for the wrist was 5663±1386 N (mean±standard deviation), higher than the elbow at 4765±894 N (though not significantly, p = 0.15). The failure impact velocity for wrist impacts was 17.7±2.1 m/s, while for the elbow, the failure impact velocity was 19.5±0.9 m/s. An approximate 10% risk of fracture threshold was identified on the modified WorldSID ATD (no flesh analogue included) to inform future protective standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Biomechanical Engineering is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1115/1.4065362
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Wrist
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elbow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blunt trauma
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Distal radius fractures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wrist fractures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forelimb
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wounds & injuries
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Injury Risk Functions for the Midsized Male Wrist and Elbow as a Result of Behind Shield Blunt Trauma.
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            NameFull: de Lange, J. E.
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            NameFull: Burrows, L.
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            NameFull: Quenneville, C. E.
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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