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Airborne particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust on infrastructure construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.

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Title: Airborne particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust on infrastructure construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.
Authors: Ferree, Patrick L1, Polat, Merve1, Nøjgaard, Jakob K1, Jensen, Keld A1 kaj@nfa.dk
Source: Annals of Work Exposures & Health. Oct2024, Vol. 68 Issue 8, p791-803. 13p.
Subjects: Air pollution, Risk assessment, Research funding, Health status indicators, Automobile emissions, Inhalation injuries, Carbon, Descriptive statistics, Particles, Occupational exposure, Metropolitan areas, Carbon monoxide, Particulate matter, Construction industry, Machinery
Geographic Terms: Denmark
Abstract: Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is carcinogenic and potentially hazardous for those working in close proximity to diesel-powered machines. This study characterizes workplace exposure to DEE and its associated particulate matter (PM) during outdoor construction activities. We sampled at 4 construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area. We used portable constant-flow pumps and quartz-fiber filters to quantify personal exposure to elemental carbon (EC), and used real-time instruments to collect activity-based information about particle number and size distribution, as well as black carbon (BC) concentration. Full-shift measurements of EC concentration ranged from < 0.3 to 6.4 µg/m3. Geometric mean (GM) EC exposure was highest for ground workers (3.4 µg/m3 EC; geometric standard deviation, GSD = 1.3), followed by drilling rig operators (2.6 µg/m3 EC; GSD = 1.4). Exposure for non-drilling-rig machine operators (1.2 µg/m3 EC; GSD = 2.9) did not differ significantly from background (0.9 µg/m3 EC; GSD = 1.7). The maximum 15-min moving average concentration of BC was 17 µg/m3, and the highest recorded peak concentration was 44 µg/m3. In numbers, the particle size distributions were dominated by ultrafine particles ascribed to DEE and occasional welding activities at the sites. The average total particle number concentrations (PNCs) measured in near-field and far-field positions across all worksites were 10,600 (GSD = 3.0) and 6,000 (GSD = 2.8)/cm3, respectively. Sites with active drilling rigs saw significantly higher average total PNCs at their near-field stations (13,600, 32,000, and 9,700/cm3; GSD = 2.4, 3.4, and 2.4) than sites without (4,700/cm3; GSD = 1.6). Overall, the DEE exposures at these outdoor construction sites were below current occupational exposure limits for EC (10 µg/m3 in Denmark; 50 µg/m3 in the European Union), but extended durations of exposure to the observed DEE levels may still be a health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures & Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Airborne particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust on infrastructure construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.
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  Data: Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is carcinogenic and potentially hazardous for those working in close proximity to diesel-powered machines. This study characterizes workplace exposure to DEE and its associated particulate matter (PM) during outdoor construction activities. We sampled at 4 construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area. We used portable constant-flow pumps and quartz-fiber filters to quantify personal exposure to elemental carbon (EC), and used real-time instruments to collect activity-based information about particle number and size distribution, as well as black carbon (BC) concentration. Full-shift measurements of EC concentration ranged from &lt; 0.3 to 6.4 &#181;g/m3. Geometric mean (GM) EC exposure was highest for ground workers (3.4 &#181;g/m3 EC; geometric standard deviation, GSD = 1.3), followed by drilling rig operators (2.6 &#181;g/m3 EC; GSD = 1.4). Exposure for non-drilling-rig machine operators (1.2 &#181;g/m3 EC; GSD = 2.9) did not differ significantly from background (0.9 &#181;g/m3 EC; GSD = 1.7). The maximum 15-min moving average concentration of BC was 17 &#181;g/m3, and the highest recorded peak concentration was 44 &#181;g/m3. In numbers, the particle size distributions were dominated by ultrafine particles ascribed to DEE and occasional welding activities at the sites. The average total particle number concentrations (PNCs) measured in near-field and far-field positions across all worksites were 10,600 (GSD = 3.0) and 6,000 (GSD = 2.8)/cm3, respectively. Sites with active drilling rigs saw significantly higher average total PNCs at their near-field stations (13,600, 32,000, and 9,700/cm3; GSD = 2.4, 3.4, and 2.4) than sites without (4,700/cm3; GSD = 1.6). Overall, the DEE exposures at these outdoor construction sites were below current occupational exposure limits for EC (10 &#181;g/m3 in Denmark; 50 &#181;g/m3 in the European Union), but extended durations of exposure to the observed DEE levels may still be a health risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Annals of Work Exposures &amp; Health is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/annweh/wxae062
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 791
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Air pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health status indicators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Automobile emissions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Inhalation injuries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Occupational exposure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Metropolitan areas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon monoxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particulate matter
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Construction industry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Machinery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Denmark
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Airborne particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust on infrastructure construction sites in the Copenhagen metropolitan area.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Ferree, Patrick L
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            NameFull: Polat, Merve
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            NameFull: Nøjgaard, Jakob K
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            NameFull: Jensen, Keld A
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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              Value: 68
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            – TitleFull: Annals of Work Exposures & Health
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