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Shear performance of glued and screwed timber-steel composite connections for composite timber-steel beams.

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Title: Shear performance of glued and screwed timber-steel composite connections for composite timber-steel beams.
Authors: Gilbert, Benoit P.1 (AUTHOR) b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au, Guan, Hong1 (AUTHOR) h.guan@griffith.edu.au, Ngo, Tuan2 (AUTHOR), Remennikov, Alex3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Construction & Building Materials. Nov2024, Vol. 450, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Composite construction, Adhesive manufacturing, Wood products, Engineered wood, Elastic modulus
Abstract: Mid- to high-rise mass timber buildings gained popularity in the last decade. Yet, engineered wood products (EWPs) used to erect these buildings have structural limitations. EWPs present brittle failure modes, particularly in bending, shear and tension, and have a low modulus of elasticity resulting in shorted spans and deeper beams relative to those in the steel and reinforced concrete counterparts. Timber-steel hybrid beams represent a potential sustainable solution to overcome these limitations by taking advantages of the high strength, stiffness and ductility of steel, and the high capacity to weight ratio of timber. However, for this solution to be structurally performant, it is essential to create effective composite action between the two materials. This study therefore compares the structural efficiency of various bonding techniques between the steel and the timber materials. Two sets of assembly solutions, representing four connection types, were proposed and experimentally investigated: (1) connecting an embedded steel plate into the timber elements by using either polyurethane (PUR) structural adhesive with two manufacturing variations or 14 G×75 mm heavy duty screws, and (2) connecting a steel plate on the surface of the timber element using either PUR structural adhesive with self-tapping M4×40 mm screws or only self-tapping screws. Softwood Laminated Veneer Lumbers (LVL) and Grade 350 steel plates were used in the experimental tests. All bonding techniques were tested in shear. The shear capacity, the slip stiffness and the failure mode were evaluated. Additionally, the efficiency of the proposed manufacturing solutions was quantified by analytically evaluate the effective bending stiffness of a timber-steel composite beam manufactured with different bonding techniques being investigated. Results indicated that the glued connections allowed a significantly more efficient composite action, with failure occurring in the timber instead of at the composite interface and near-full composite action was reached, than the screwed connections. To achieve high composite action with the screwed solutions, a large number of screws was needed which may incur high manufacturing costs. • An investigation to develop composite action between steel and timber is presented. • Different manufacturing solutions to bond the steel to timber are investigated. • Bonds consisted of combinations of PUR structural adhesive and screws. • PUR bonds enabled full composite action with failure developing in timber. • A large number of screws is needed to develop full composite action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 180423190
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
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  Data: Shear performance of glued and screwed timber-steel composite connections for composite timber-steel beams.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gilbert%2C+Benoit+P%2E%22">Gilbert, Benoit P.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guan%2C+Hong%22">Guan, Hong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> h.guan@griffith.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ngo%2C+Tuan%22">Ngo, Tuan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Remennikov%2C+Alex%22">Remennikov, Alex</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Construction+%26+Building+Materials%22">Construction & Building Materials</searchLink>. Nov2024, Vol. 450, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+construction%22">Composite construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adhesive+manufacturing%22">Adhesive manufacturing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wood+products%22">Wood products</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineered+wood%22">Engineered wood</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elastic+modulus%22">Elastic modulus</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Mid- to high-rise mass timber buildings gained popularity in the last decade. Yet, engineered wood products (EWPs) used to erect these buildings have structural limitations. EWPs present brittle failure modes, particularly in bending, shear and tension, and have a low modulus of elasticity resulting in shorted spans and deeper beams relative to those in the steel and reinforced concrete counterparts. Timber-steel hybrid beams represent a potential sustainable solution to overcome these limitations by taking advantages of the high strength, stiffness and ductility of steel, and the high capacity to weight ratio of timber. However, for this solution to be structurally performant, it is essential to create effective composite action between the two materials. This study therefore compares the structural efficiency of various bonding techniques between the steel and the timber materials. Two sets of assembly solutions, representing four connection types, were proposed and experimentally investigated: (1) connecting an embedded steel plate into the timber elements by using either polyurethane (PUR) structural adhesive with two manufacturing variations or 14 G×75 mm heavy duty screws, and (2) connecting a steel plate on the surface of the timber element using either PUR structural adhesive with self-tapping M4×40 mm screws or only self-tapping screws. Softwood Laminated Veneer Lumbers (LVL) and Grade 350 steel plates were used in the experimental tests. All bonding techniques were tested in shear. The shear capacity, the slip stiffness and the failure mode were evaluated. Additionally, the efficiency of the proposed manufacturing solutions was quantified by analytically evaluate the effective bending stiffness of a timber-steel composite beam manufactured with different bonding techniques being investigated. Results indicated that the glued connections allowed a significantly more efficient composite action, with failure occurring in the timber instead of at the composite interface and near-full composite action was reached, than the screwed connections. To achieve high composite action with the screwed solutions, a large number of screws was needed which may incur high manufacturing costs. • An investigation to develop composite action between steel and timber is presented. • Different manufacturing solutions to bond the steel to timber are investigated. • Bonds consisted of combinations of PUR structural adhesive and screws. • PUR bonds enabled full composite action with failure developing in timber. • A large number of screws is needed to develop full composite action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Construction & Building Materials is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138762
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Composite construction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adhesive manufacturing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wood products
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Engineered wood
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elastic modulus
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Shear performance of glued and screwed timber-steel composite connections for composite timber-steel beams.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gilbert, Benoit P.
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            NameFull: Guan, Hong
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            NameFull: Ngo, Tuan
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            NameFull: Remennikov, Alex
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          Dates:
            – D: 08
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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              Value: 450
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            – TitleFull: Construction & Building Materials
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