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Predicting EBW detonator failure using DSC data.

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Title: Predicting EBW detonator failure using DSC data.
Authors: Hobbs, Michael L.1 (AUTHOR) mlhobbs@sandia.gov
Source: Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry. Oct2024, Vol. 149 Issue 19, p10385-10392. 8p.
Subjects: Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, Detonators, High temperatures, Melting, Capacitors
Abstract: Exploding bridgewire detonators (EBWs) containing pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) exposed to high temperatures may not function following discharge of the design electrical firing signal from a charged capacitor. Knowing functionality of these arbitrarily facing EBWs is crucial when making safety assessments of detonators in accidental fires. Orientation effects are only significant when the PETN is partially melted. The melting temperature can be measured with a differential scanning calorimeter. Nonmelting EBWs will be fully functional provided the detonator never exceeds 406 K (133 °C) for at least 1 h. Conversely, EBWs will not be functional once the average input pellet temperature exceeds 414 K (141 °C) for a least 1 min which is long enough to cause the PETN input pellet to completely melt. Functionality of the EBWs at temperatures between 406 and 414 K will depend on orientation and can be predicted using a stratification model for downward facing detonators but is more complex for arbitrary orientations. A conservative rule of thumb would be to assume that the EBWs are fully functional unless the PETN input pellet has completely melted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Predicting EBW detonator failure using DSC data.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hobbs%2C+Michael+L%2E%22">Hobbs, Michael L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mlhobbs@sandia.gov</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Thermal+Analysis+%26+Calorimetry%22">Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry</searchLink>. Oct2024, Vol. 149 Issue 19, p10385-10392. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pentaerythritol+tetranitrate%22">Pentaerythritol tetranitrate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Detonators%22">Detonators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+temperatures%22">High temperatures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Melting%22">Melting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Capacitors%22">Capacitors</searchLink>
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  Data: Exploding bridgewire detonators (EBWs) containing pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) exposed to high temperatures may not function following discharge of the design electrical firing signal from a charged capacitor. Knowing functionality of these arbitrarily facing EBWs is crucial when making safety assessments of detonators in accidental fires. Orientation effects are only significant when the PETN is partially melted. The melting temperature can be measured with a differential scanning calorimeter. Nonmelting EBWs will be fully functional provided the detonator never exceeds 406 K (133 °C) for at least 1 h. Conversely, EBWs will not be functional once the average input pellet temperature exceeds 414 K (141 °C) for a least 1 min which is long enough to cause the PETN input pellet to completely melt. Functionality of the EBWs at temperatures between 406 and 414 K will depend on orientation and can be predicted using a stratification model for downward facing detonators but is more complex for arbitrary orientations. A conservative rule of thumb would be to assume that the EBWs are fully functional unless the PETN input pellet has completely melted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10973-023-12785-y
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        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Detonators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High temperatures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Melting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Capacitors
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      – TitleFull: Predicting EBW detonator failure using DSC data.
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              Text: Oct2024
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              Y: 2024
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