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Effect of Cr on the Microstructure and Strength‐Toughness of High‐Strength and Heat‐Resistant Stainless Steel.

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Title: Effect of Cr on the Microstructure and Strength‐Toughness of High‐Strength and Heat‐Resistant Stainless Steel.
Authors: Chi, Hongxiao1 (AUTHOR) chihongxiao@163.com, Pian, Liping1 (AUTHOR) plp16668@163.com, Gu, Jinbo1 (AUTHOR), Sun, Yong2 (AUTHOR), Pang, Xuedong2 (AUTHOR), Xin, Zhenfei2 (AUTHOR), Ma, Dangshen1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Steel Research International. Dec2024, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Dislocation loops, Bearing steel, Transmission electron microscopy, Rate of nucleation, Scanning electron microscopy
Abstract: The effect of Cr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CSS‐42L steel is investigated by X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that increasing Cr from 8% to 13.5% significantly improves toughness and ductility while moderately decreasing the strength. The tensile strength, fracture toughness (KIC), and impact absorbing energy of 13.5% Cr steel are 1.8 GPa, 88.6 MPa√m, and 58.5 J, respectively. 13.5%Cr steel possesses larger grain size and fewer undissolved M6C carbides than 8%Cr and10%Cr steels, which is attributed to that Cr addition increases Cr content in the (Mo,Cr)6C, reducing the dissolution temperature and ability to inhibit grain growth. Cr significantly decreases the Martensite start (Ms) temperature from 263 to 53.1 °C and increases the retained austenite from 0.3 to 13.19 vol%. Cr increases the number density and diameter of nanoscale M2C, which is attributed to Cr promoting the dissolution of Mo and increasing the nucleation rate. Meanwhile, the higher Cr content also increases the growth rate of the carbides along the diameter direction. Cr addition reduces the contribution from coherency strengthening caused by decreased lattice misfit and increased the contribution of Orowan dislocation looping resulted from higher volume fraction and size of M2C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Steel Research International is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Effect of Cr on the Microstructure and Strength‐Toughness of High‐Strength and Heat‐Resistant Stainless Steel.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chi%2C+Hongxiao%22">Chi, Hongxiao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chihongxiao@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pian%2C+Liping%22">Pian, Liping</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> plp16668@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gu%2C+Jinbo%22">Gu, Jinbo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Yong%22">Sun, Yong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pang%2C+Xuedong%22">Pang, Xuedong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xin%2C+Zhenfei%22">Xin, Zhenfei</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Dangshen%22">Ma, Dangshen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Steel+Research+International%22">Steel Research International</searchLink>. Dec2024, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dislocation+loops%22">Dislocation loops</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bearing+steel%22">Bearing steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transmission+electron+microscopy%22">Transmission electron microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rate+of+nucleation%22">Rate of nucleation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scanning+electron+microscopy%22">Scanning electron microscopy</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The effect of Cr content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CSS‐42L steel is investigated by X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that increasing Cr from 8% to 13.5% significantly improves toughness and ductility while moderately decreasing the strength. The tensile strength, fracture toughness (KIC), and impact absorbing energy of 13.5% Cr steel are 1.8 GPa, 88.6 MPa√m, and 58.5 J, respectively. 13.5%Cr steel possesses larger grain size and fewer undissolved M6C carbides than 8%Cr and10%Cr steels, which is attributed to that Cr addition increases Cr content in the (Mo,Cr)6C, reducing the dissolution temperature and ability to inhibit grain growth. Cr significantly decreases the Martensite start (Ms) temperature from 263 to 53.1 °C and increases the retained austenite from 0.3 to 13.19 vol%. Cr increases the number density and diameter of nanoscale M2C, which is attributed to Cr promoting the dissolution of Mo and increasing the nucleation rate. Meanwhile, the higher Cr content also increases the growth rate of the carbides along the diameter direction. Cr addition reduces the contribution from coherency strengthening caused by decreased lattice misfit and increased the contribution of Orowan dislocation looping resulted from higher volume fraction and size of M2C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Steel Research International is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/srin.202400412
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transmission electron microscopy
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      – SubjectFull: Rate of nucleation
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      – SubjectFull: Scanning electron microscopy
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      – TitleFull: Effect of Cr on the Microstructure and Strength‐Toughness of High‐Strength and Heat‐Resistant Stainless Steel.
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            NameFull: Chi, Hongxiao
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2024
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              Y: 2024
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