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Versatile hybrid magnetic core silver-shell (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres based SERS substrates for detection of organic dyes pollutant.

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Title: Versatile hybrid magnetic core silver-shell (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres based SERS substrates for detection of organic dyes pollutant.
Authors: Kumar, Dev1 (AUTHOR), Yadav, Anil K1 (AUTHOR) anilsaciitb@gmail.com, Yadav, Akanksha1 (AUTHOR), Rani, Swati1 (AUTHOR), Kumar, Pawan1 (AUTHOR), Dixit, Dinesh2 (AUTHOR), Gupta, Sachin3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Molecular Structure. Feb2025:Part 3, Vol. 1322, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Iron oxides, SERS spectroscopy, Magnetic cores, Malachite green, Magnetic traps, Gentian violet
Abstract: • This study introduces a hybrid SERS substrate designed to enhance the detection and discrimination of organic dyes in aqueous environments. • We present silver shell magnetic core (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres as a versatile SERS substrate for the detection and differentiation of organic dyes, specifically malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV), rhodamine 6 G (R6 G), and safranin o (S.O), which are often overlooked water pollutants. • The core-shell structure of Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag microspheres have been synthesized via seed-mediated growth method. • These microspheres with aluminium (Al) base combination demonstrate high SERS sensitivity with enhancement factor of 1 × 105, 5.6 × 106, 6.4 × 106, and 4.2 × 105 for MG, CV, R6 G, and S.O respectively. • The limit of detections (LOD) have been found in the range between 10 and 8–10–10 for all four dyes. • Principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate analysis has been adopted to discrimination of dyes. In recent years, the development of highly sensitive and versatile substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has become pivotal in environmental monitoring. This study introduces a hybrid SERS substrate designed to enhance the detection and discrimination of organic dyes in aqueous environments. In this report, we present silver shell magnetic core (Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag) microspheres as a versatile SERS substrate for the detection and differentiation of organic dyes, specifically malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV), Rhodamine 6G (R6G), and Safranin O (S.O), which are often overlooked water pollutants. The core-shell structure of Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag microspheres have been synthesized via seed-mediated growth method. The microspheres, integrates a magnetic core of iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4) through a polymeric layer of polyethyleneimine (PEI) with silver shell (Ag), are optimized to act as magnetic separator and show SERS activity. The SEM measurements confirm the spherical shape of grown nano-particles whereas magnetization experiments confirm the presence of magnetic cores as well non-magnetic layers coating in the end products. These microspheres with aluminium (Al) base combination demonstrate high SERS sensitivity with enhancement factor of 1 × 105, 5.6 × 106, 6.4 × 106, and 4.2 × 105 for MG, CV, R6G, and S.O respectively. The detection limits have been found in the range between 10–8–10–10 for all four dyes. A linear relationship between Raman intensity and concentrations of dyes make it suitable for quantitative analysis of unknown concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate analysis has been adopted to discrimination of dyes. These dyes have been effectively detected quantitative in tap water to express substrate's suitability in real-world application. Their dual functionality, as SERS-active substrate and as magnetic separator, enhances their utility in real-world applications such as organic contaminants in aquatic environments. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Versatile hybrid magnetic core silver-shell (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres based SERS substrates for detection of organic dyes pollutant.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kumar%2C+Dev%22">Kumar, Dev</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yadav%2C+Anil+K%22">Yadav, Anil K</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> anilsaciitb@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yadav%2C+Akanksha%22">Yadav, Akanksha</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rani%2C+Swati%22">Rani, Swati</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kumar%2C+Pawan%22">Kumar, Pawan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dixit%2C+Dinesh%22">Dixit, Dinesh</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+Sachin%22">Gupta, Sachin</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Molecular+Structure%22">Journal of Molecular Structure</searchLink>. Feb2025:Part 3, Vol. 1322, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron+oxides%22">Iron oxides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SERS+spectroscopy%22">SERS spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+cores%22">Magnetic cores</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Malachite+green%22">Malachite green</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+traps%22">Magnetic traps</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gentian+violet%22">Gentian violet</searchLink>
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  Data: • This study introduces a hybrid SERS substrate designed to enhance the detection and discrimination of organic dyes in aqueous environments. • We present silver shell magnetic core (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres as a versatile SERS substrate for the detection and differentiation of organic dyes, specifically malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV), rhodamine 6 G (R6 G), and safranin o (S.O), which are often overlooked water pollutants. • The core-shell structure of Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag microspheres have been synthesized via seed-mediated growth method. • These microspheres with aluminium (Al) base combination demonstrate high SERS sensitivity with enhancement factor of 1 × 105, 5.6 × 106, 6.4 × 106, and 4.2 × 105 for MG, CV, R6 G, and S.O respectively. • The limit of detections (LOD) have been found in the range between 10 and 8–10–10 for all four dyes. • Principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate analysis has been adopted to discrimination of dyes. In recent years, the development of highly sensitive and versatile substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has become pivotal in environmental monitoring. This study introduces a hybrid SERS substrate designed to enhance the detection and discrimination of organic dyes in aqueous environments. In this report, we present silver shell magnetic core (Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag) microspheres as a versatile SERS substrate for the detection and differentiation of organic dyes, specifically malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV), Rhodamine 6G (R6G), and Safranin O (S.O), which are often overlooked water pollutants. The core-shell structure of Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@Ag microspheres have been synthesized via seed-mediated growth method. The microspheres, integrates a magnetic core of iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4) through a polymeric layer of polyethyleneimine (PEI) with silver shell (Ag), are optimized to act as magnetic separator and show SERS activity. The SEM measurements confirm the spherical shape of grown nano-particles whereas magnetization experiments confirm the presence of magnetic cores as well non-magnetic layers coating in the end products. These microspheres with aluminium (Al) base combination demonstrate high SERS sensitivity with enhancement factor of 1 × 105, 5.6 × 106, 6.4 × 106, and 4.2 × 105 for MG, CV, R6G, and S.O respectively. The detection limits have been found in the range between 10–8–10–10 for all four dyes. A linear relationship between Raman intensity and concentrations of dyes make it suitable for quantitative analysis of unknown concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate analysis has been adopted to discrimination of dyes. These dyes have been effectively detected quantitative in tap water to express substrate's suitability in real-world application. Their dual functionality, as SERS-active substrate and as magnetic separator, enhances their utility in real-world applications such as organic contaminants in aquatic environments. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Molecular Structure is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.140522
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Iron oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: SERS spectroscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic cores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Malachite green
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic traps
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gentian violet
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Versatile hybrid magnetic core silver-shell (Fe3O4@PEI@Ag) microspheres based SERS substrates for detection of organic dyes pollutant.
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            NameFull: Kumar, Dev
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2025:Part 3
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              Y: 2025
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