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The Role of Underground Salt Caverns in Renewable Energy Peaking: A Review.

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Title: The Role of Underground Salt Caverns in Renewable Energy Peaking: A Review.
Authors: Huang, Si1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Yinping1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Shi, Xilin1,2 (AUTHOR) xlshi@whrsm.ac.cn, Bai, Weizheng1,2 (AUTHOR), Huang, Yashuai1,2 (AUTHOR), Hong, Yang1,2 (AUTHOR), Liu, Xiaoyi1,2 (AUTHOR), Ma, Hongling1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Peng1,2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Mingnan1,2 (AUTHOR), Xue, Tianfu1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Dec2024, Vol. 17 Issue 23, p6005. 23p.
Subjects: Salt mining, Renewable energy sources, Renewable energy transition (Government policy), Hydrogen storage, Energy storage
Abstract: To address the inherent intermittency and instability of renewable energy, the construction of large-scale energy storage facilities is imperative. Salt caverns are internationally recognized as excellent sites for large-scale energy storage. They have been widely used to store substances such as natural gas, oil, air, and hydrogen. With the global transition in energy structures and the increasing demand for renewable energy load balancing, there is broad market potential for the development of salt cavern energy storage technologies. There are three types of energy storage in salt caverns that can be coupled with renewable energy sources, namely, salt cavern compressed air energy storage (SCCAES), salt cavern hydrogen storage (SCHS), and salt cavern flow battery (SCFB). The innovation of this paper is to comprehensively review the current status and future development trends of these three energy storage methods. Firstly, the development status of these three energy storage methods, both domestically and internationally, is reviewed. Secondly, according to the characteristics of these three types of energy storage methods, some key technical challenges are proposed to be focused on. The key technical challenge for SCCAES is the need to further reduce the cost of the ground equipment; the key technical challenge for SCHS is to prevent the risk of hydrogen leakage; and the key technical challenge for SCFB is the need to further increase the concentration of the active substance in the huge salt cavern. Finally, some potential solutions are proposed based on these key technical challenges. This work is of great significance in accelerating the development of salt cavern energy storage technologies in coupled renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The Role of Underground Salt Caverns in Renewable Energy Peaking: A Review.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Salt+mining%22">Salt mining</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+sources%22">Renewable energy sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Renewable+energy+transition+%28Government+policy%29%22">Renewable energy transition (Government policy)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrogen+storage%22">Hydrogen storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+storage%22">Energy storage</searchLink>
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  Data: To address the inherent intermittency and instability of renewable energy, the construction of large-scale energy storage facilities is imperative. Salt caverns are internationally recognized as excellent sites for large-scale energy storage. They have been widely used to store substances such as natural gas, oil, air, and hydrogen. With the global transition in energy structures and the increasing demand for renewable energy load balancing, there is broad market potential for the development of salt cavern energy storage technologies. There are three types of energy storage in salt caverns that can be coupled with renewable energy sources, namely, salt cavern compressed air energy storage (SCCAES), salt cavern hydrogen storage (SCHS), and salt cavern flow battery (SCFB). The innovation of this paper is to comprehensively review the current status and future development trends of these three energy storage methods. Firstly, the development status of these three energy storage methods, both domestically and internationally, is reviewed. Secondly, according to the characteristics of these three types of energy storage methods, some key technical challenges are proposed to be focused on. The key technical challenge for SCCAES is the need to further reduce the cost of the ground equipment; the key technical challenge for SCHS is to prevent the risk of hydrogen leakage; and the key technical challenge for SCFB is the need to further increase the concentration of the active substance in the huge salt cavern. Finally, some potential solutions are proposed based on these key technical challenges. This work is of great significance in accelerating the development of salt cavern energy storage technologies in coupled renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Salt mining
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Renewable energy transition (Government policy)
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      – TitleFull: The Role of Underground Salt Caverns in Renewable Energy Peaking: A Review.
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              Text: Dec2024
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