Understanding Cd Nano-Whisker Growth on Ti2CdC MAX Phase from the Perspective of Atomized Cd Migration: Understanding Cd Nano-Whisker Growth on Ti2CdC MAX Phase from the Perspective of Atomized Cd Migration: Wu, Wang, Xia, Ding, Zhang, Li, Ma, Pan, Wang, and Liu
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| Title: | Understanding Cd Nano-Whisker Growth on Ti |
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| Authors: | Wu, Xuelian1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yaping1,3 (AUTHOR), Xia, Xinxin1,3 (AUTHOR), Ding, Jianxiang1,2,3 (AUTHOR) jxding@anhut.edu.cn, Zhang, Yundeng1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Gege1,2 (AUTHOR), Ma, Chengjian4 (AUTHOR), Pan, Long3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Jinlong5 (AUTHOR), Liu, Dongming1,2 (AUTHOR) ldm1975@ahut.edu.cn |
| Source: | JOM: The Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). Feb2025, Vol. 77 Issue 2, p822-829. 8p. |
| Subjects: | Substrates (Materials science), Whiskers, Surface coatings, Atoms, Temperature |
| Abstract: | Cd-based coatings are prone to spontaneous Cd whisker growth, raising safety concerns, particularly short-circuit risk. Although various environmental driving forces exist, the intrinsic factors affecting whisker growth have been overlooked. Herein, we investigate the growth mechanism of Cd nano-whiskers on the Ti2CdC MAX phase, a substrate material. Our results demonstrate that both the number and length of Cd nano-whiskers increase rapidly with rising cultivation temperatures. Furthermore, even after leaving the controlled temperature environment, the growth behavior of the whiskers continues to be influenced by the initial cultivation temperature. We speculate that this temperature dependency is related to the migration of atomized Cd, driven by the easily disrupted weak Ti-Cd bonds within the Ti2CdC structure. Additionally, due to the thermally activated nature of atomized Cd migration, Cd nano-whiskers grow rapidly on Ti2CdC. This work expands our understanding of Cd whisker growth by emphasizing the role of the chemical environment of Cd atoms in the substrate material, highlighting the significance of atomized Cd, and refining the growth mechanism of nano-whiskers involving atomized Cd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of JOM: The Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Abstract: | Cd-based coatings are prone to spontaneous Cd whisker growth, raising safety concerns, particularly short-circuit risk. Although various environmental driving forces exist, the intrinsic factors affecting whisker growth have been overlooked. Herein, we investigate the growth mechanism of Cd nano-whiskers on the Ti2CdC MAX phase, a substrate material. Our results demonstrate that both the number and length of Cd nano-whiskers increase rapidly with rising cultivation temperatures. Furthermore, even after leaving the controlled temperature environment, the growth behavior of the whiskers continues to be influenced by the initial cultivation temperature. We speculate that this temperature dependency is related to the migration of atomized Cd, driven by the easily disrupted weak Ti-Cd bonds within the Ti2CdC structure. Additionally, due to the thermally activated nature of atomized Cd migration, Cd nano-whiskers grow rapidly on Ti2CdC. This work expands our understanding of Cd whisker growth by emphasizing the role of the chemical environment of Cd atoms in the substrate material, highlighting the significance of atomized Cd, and refining the growth mechanism of nano-whiskers involving atomized Cd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 10474838 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11837-024-06960-1 |
