The study of foaming agent concentration choice in EPB shield soil conditioning.
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| Title: | The study of foaming agent concentration choice in EPB shield soil conditioning. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Chen, Zhongtian1,2 (AUTHOR) chen_zt@foxmail.com, Bezuijen, Adam2,3 (AUTHOR), Fang, Yong1 (AUTHOR), Thewes, Markus4 (AUTHOR), Zheng, Dongzhu5 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Acta Geotechnica. Feb2025, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p915-930. 16p. |
| Subjects: | Critical micelle concentration, Surface tension, Soil testing, Foam, Surface area, Surface active agents |
| Abstract: | Foam is widely used in soil conditioning during EPB shield tunnelling to ensure the efficiency and safety of face support and muck flow. Currently, the concentration of the foaming agent solution is chosen based on the recommendations of foaming agent suppliers, the half-life time of foam or the properties of the foam-soil mixture. This paper studies the foaming agent concentration (Cf) choice taking surface tension into consideration. Test results show that the Cf should be higher than the critical micelle concentration (CMC) to offset the influence of the expanding surface area during foam generation in shield tunnelling. The comparison between the capillary rise method and the platinum plate method shows that this offset can almost be accomplished when Cf is higher than 1% and fully accomplished when Cf is higher than 3%. Foam generation tests show that despite the differences in foam generation methods, the foaming ability of foaming agent solution and the stability of the generated foam are close to optimum at Cf of 1% and reach optimum at Cf of 3%. Slump tests show that foam with Cf lower than 1% is not stable enough in the foam-sand mixture for shield tunnelling. Both slump tests and field validation show that when Cf is higher than 3%, the increase of Cf has limited influence on soil conditioning performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Acta Geotechnica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 182881710 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: The study of foaming agent concentration choice in EPB shield soil conditioning. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Zhongtian%22">Chen, Zhongtian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chen_zt@foxmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bezuijen%2C+Adam%22">Bezuijen, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fang%2C+Yong%22">Fang, Yong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thewes%2C+Markus%22">Thewes, Markus</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Dongzhu%22">Zheng, Dongzhu</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Geotechnica%22">Acta Geotechnica</searchLink>. Feb2025, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p915-930. 16p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Critical+micelle+concentration%22">Critical micelle concentration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+tension%22">Surface tension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+testing%22">Soil testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foam%22">Foam</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+area%22">Surface area</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+active+agents%22">Surface active agents</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Foam is widely used in soil conditioning during EPB shield tunnelling to ensure the efficiency and safety of face support and muck flow. Currently, the concentration of the foaming agent solution is chosen based on the recommendations of foaming agent suppliers, the half-life time of foam or the properties of the foam-soil mixture. This paper studies the foaming agent concentration (Cf) choice taking surface tension into consideration. Test results show that the Cf should be higher than the critical micelle concentration (CMC) to offset the influence of the expanding surface area during foam generation in shield tunnelling. The comparison between the capillary rise method and the platinum plate method shows that this offset can almost be accomplished when Cf is higher than 1% and fully accomplished when Cf is higher than 3%. Foam generation tests show that despite the differences in foam generation methods, the foaming ability of foaming agent solution and the stability of the generated foam are close to optimum at Cf of 1% and reach optimum at Cf of 3%. Slump tests show that foam with Cf lower than 1% is not stable enough in the foam-sand mixture for shield tunnelling. Both slump tests and field validation show that when Cf is higher than 3%, the increase of Cf has limited influence on soil conditioning performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Geotechnica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11440-024-02445-2 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 915 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Critical micelle concentration Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface tension Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil testing Type: general – SubjectFull: Foam Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface area Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface active agents Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: The study of foaming agent concentration choice in EPB shield soil conditioning. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chen, Zhongtian – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bezuijen, Adam – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fang, Yong – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Thewes, Markus – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zheng, Dongzhu IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 02 Text: Feb2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 18611125 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 20 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Acta Geotechnica Type: main |
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