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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gold nanoparticles conjugated with 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue for treating Staphylococcus skin infections.

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Title: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gold nanoparticles conjugated with 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue for treating Staphylococcus skin infections.
Authors: Alves de Brito Júnior, Anildo1 (AUTHOR) junioranildo02@gmail.com, Louro Crugeira, Pedro Jorge1 (AUTHOR) pedrocrugeira@yahoo.com.br, Reis Costa, Wellington Luis1 (AUTHOR) wreiscosta@gmail.com, Barbosa, Andressa Vollono1 (AUTHOR) andressavollono@gmail.com, Pires Sampaio de Oliveira, Susana Carla1 (AUTHOR) susana.oliveira@uniruy.edu.br, Teixeira Cangussu, Maria Cristina1 (AUTHOR) cristinatcangussu@gmail.com, Nunes dos Santos, Jean1 (AUTHOR) jeanpatol@gmail.com, Monteiro Azevedo, Juliana1,2 (AUTHOR) jscmonteiro@uefs.br, Barbosa Pinheiro, Antonio Luiz1 (AUTHOR) albp@ufba.br
Source: Lasers in Medical Science. 2/19/2025, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p1-8. 8p.
Subjects: Staphylococcal diseases, Gold nanoparticles, Photodynamic therapy, Skin injuries, Skin infections
Abstract: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) using phenothiazine photosensitizer (PS) combined with gold nanoparticles (DMMB-AuNPs) in treating S. aureus-contaminated wounds on the dorsum of rats. Twelve Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, LED, DMMB-AuNPs, and DMMB-AuNPs + LED. DMMB-AuNPs were prepared using DMMB (300 ng/mL) and 5 nm diameter AuNPs (~ 5.5E + 13 particles/mL). The light source was a red LED (12 J/cm2, λ630 ± 20 nm, CW, 125 mW, 192s). Following the procedures, samples were plated on an agar medium specific to S. aureus to count the colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Statistical analysis using unidirectional ANOVA and Tukey's test revealed that the aPDT group (DMMB-AuNPs + LED) exhibited a 99.999% (5 log reduction) microbial reduction with a significant statistical difference (p < 0.0001) compared to the Control group, demonstrating a bactericidal effect. The in vivo findings unequivocally demonstrate the effectiveness of DMMB-AuNPs-mediated aPDT as an alternative therapy for staphylococcal infections. Highlights: aPDT on S. aureus is enhanced by using a phenothiazine photosensitizer (DMMB) combining with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). aPDT exhibited a 99.999% microbial reduction in surgical skin wounds contaminated with Staphylococcal bacteria. The effectiveness of DMMB-AuNPs-mediated aPDT demonstrate its potential as a compelling alternative therapy for staphylococcal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Lasers in Medical Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gold nanoparticles conjugated with 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue for treating Staphylococcus skin infections.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Alves+de+Brito+J&#250;nior%2C+Anildo%22&quot;&gt;Alves de Brito J&#250;nior, Anildo&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; junioranildo02@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Louro+Crugeira%2C+Pedro+Jorge%22&quot;&gt;Louro Crugeira, Pedro Jorge&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; pedrocrugeira@yahoo.com.br&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Reis+Costa%2C+Wellington+Luis%22&quot;&gt;Reis Costa, Wellington Luis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; wreiscosta@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Barbosa%2C+Andressa+Vollono%22&quot;&gt;Barbosa, Andressa Vollono&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; andressavollono@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Pires+Sampaio+de+Oliveira%2C+Susana+Carla%22&quot;&gt;Pires Sampaio de Oliveira, Susana Carla&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; susana.oliveira@uniruy.edu.br&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Teixeira+Cangussu%2C+Maria+Cristina%22&quot;&gt;Teixeira Cangussu, Maria Cristina&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; cristinatcangussu@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Nunes+dos+Santos%2C+Jean%22&quot;&gt;Nunes dos Santos, Jean&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; jeanpatol@gmail.com&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Monteiro+Azevedo%2C+Juliana%22&quot;&gt;Monteiro Azevedo, Juliana&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1,2&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; jscmonteiro@uefs.br&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Barbosa+Pinheiro%2C+Antonio+Luiz%22&quot;&gt;Barbosa Pinheiro, Antonio Luiz&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; albp@ufba.br&lt;/i&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Lasers+in+Medical+Science%22&quot;&gt;Lasers in Medical Science&lt;/searchLink&gt;. 2/19/2025, Vol. 40 Issue 1, p1-8. 8p.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Staphylococcal+diseases%22&quot;&gt;Staphylococcal diseases&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Gold+nanoparticles%22&quot;&gt;Gold nanoparticles&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Photodynamic+therapy%22&quot;&gt;Photodynamic therapy&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Skin+injuries%22&quot;&gt;Skin injuries&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Skin+infections%22&quot;&gt;Skin infections&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) using phenothiazine photosensitizer (PS) combined with gold nanoparticles (DMMB-AuNPs) in treating S. aureus-contaminated wounds on the dorsum of rats. Twelve Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, LED, DMMB-AuNPs, and DMMB-AuNPs + LED. DMMB-AuNPs were prepared using DMMB (300 ng/mL) and 5 nm diameter AuNPs (~ 5.5E + 13 particles/mL). The light source was a red LED (12 J/cm2, λ630 &#177; 20 nm, CW, 125 mW, 192s). Following the procedures, samples were plated on an agar medium specific to S. aureus to count the colony-forming units (CFU/mL). Statistical analysis using unidirectional ANOVA and Tukey&#39;s test revealed that the aPDT group (DMMB-AuNPs + LED) exhibited a 99.999% (5 log reduction) microbial reduction with a significant statistical difference (p &lt; 0.0001) compared to the Control group, demonstrating a bactericidal effect. The in vivo findings unequivocally demonstrate the effectiveness of DMMB-AuNPs-mediated aPDT as an alternative therapy for staphylococcal infections. Highlights: aPDT on S. aureus is enhanced by using a phenothiazine photosensitizer (DMMB) combining with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). aPDT exhibited a 99.999% microbial reduction in surgical skin wounds contaminated with Staphylococcal bacteria. The effectiveness of DMMB-AuNPs-mediated aPDT demonstrate its potential as a compelling alternative therapy for staphylococcal infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Lasers in Medical Science is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10103-025-04367-1
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Staphylococcal diseases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gold nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photodynamic therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skin injuries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skin infections
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using gold nanoparticles conjugated with 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue for treating Staphylococcus skin infections.
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              Text: 2/19/2025
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