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Shale brittleness evaluation under high temperature and high confining stress based on energy evolution.

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Title: Shale brittleness evaluation under high temperature and high confining stress based on energy evolution.
Authors: Lin, Ran1 (AUTHOR), Peng, Sirui1 (AUTHOR), Zhao, Jinzhou1 (AUTHOR) zhaojz@swpu.edu.cn, Jiang, Hao2 (AUTHOR), Ren, Lan1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Zhihao1 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Bo1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Jianfa3 (AUTHOR), Song, Yi3 (AUTHOR), Shen, Cheng3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Petroleum Science & Technology. 2025, Vol. 43 Issue 9, p989-1009. 21p.
Subjects: Strains & stresses (Mechanics), Shale gas reservoirs, Energy futures, Hydraulic fracturing, Shale, Brittleness
Abstract: Deep and ultra-deep shale gas reservoirs are crucial targets for future natural gas development. Extensive research has shown the shale brittleness is closely associated with the hydraulic fracture network quality. However, the shale brittleness may be altered in deep reservoirs due to the high temperature and high geo-stress. At present, commonly used shale brittleness evaluation methods cannot distinguish the differences in energy evolution caused by different mineral components in shale rock. In order to distinguish this difference, this study innovatively proposes a shale brittleness evaluation method that considers mineral composition based on energy evolution. A high-temperature triaxial compression experiment was carried out on the Longmaxi Formation shale, its fracture mode was analyzed, and the brittleness of the shale was evaluated based on this innovative method. The results indicate that with increasing confining stress, the shale fracture mode transitions from brittle tensile-shear multi-crack penetrating fracture to brittle-plastic shear single-crack fracture, and the brittleness of shale shows a decreasing trend. Under low confining stress, the shale brittleness decreases with temperature. Under high confining stress, temperature is the non-main controlling factor of shale brittleness. This study provides valuable guidance for the design and optimization of hydraulic fracturing in deep shale reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 183253850
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Shale brittleness evaluation under high temperature and high confining stress based on energy evolution.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+Ran%22">Lin, Ran</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peng%2C+Sirui%22">Peng, Sirui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Jinzhou%22">Zhao, Jinzhou</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhaojz@swpu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+Hao%22">Jiang, Hao</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ren%2C+Lan%22">Ren, Lan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Zhihao%22">Yu, Zhihao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+Bo%22">Zhou, Bo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Jianfa%22">Wu, Jianfa</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Song%2C+Yi%22">Song, Yi</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shen%2C+Cheng%22">Shen, Cheng</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Petroleum+Science+%26+Technology%22">Petroleum Science & Technology</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 43 Issue 9, p989-1009. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strains+%26+stresses+%28Mechanics%29%22">Strains & stresses (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shale+gas+reservoirs%22">Shale gas reservoirs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+futures%22">Energy futures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydraulic+fracturing%22">Hydraulic fracturing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shale%22">Shale</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brittleness%22">Brittleness</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Deep and ultra-deep shale gas reservoirs are crucial targets for future natural gas development. Extensive research has shown the shale brittleness is closely associated with the hydraulic fracture network quality. However, the shale brittleness may be altered in deep reservoirs due to the high temperature and high geo-stress. At present, commonly used shale brittleness evaluation methods cannot distinguish the differences in energy evolution caused by different mineral components in shale rock. In order to distinguish this difference, this study innovatively proposes a shale brittleness evaluation method that considers mineral composition based on energy evolution. A high-temperature triaxial compression experiment was carried out on the Longmaxi Formation shale, its fracture mode was analyzed, and the brittleness of the shale was evaluated based on this innovative method. The results indicate that with increasing confining stress, the shale fracture mode transitions from brittle tensile-shear multi-crack penetrating fracture to brittle-plastic shear single-crack fracture, and the brittleness of shale shows a decreasing trend. Under low confining stress, the shale brittleness decreases with temperature. Under high confining stress, temperature is the non-main controlling factor of shale brittleness. This study provides valuable guidance for the design and optimization of hydraulic fracturing in deep shale reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Petroleum Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10916466.2024.2314199
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 989
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Strains & stresses (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shale gas reservoirs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy futures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydraulic fracturing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shale
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brittleness
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Shale brittleness evaluation under high temperature and high confining stress based on energy evolution.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: 2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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