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Design criticism and eye movement strategy in reading: a comparative study of design and non-design students.

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Title: Design criticism and eye movement strategy in reading: a comparative study of design and non-design students.
Authors: Mao, Yongchun1,2 (AUTHOR) ycmao@qlu.edu.cn, Ban, Shuo3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Guolin4 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Technology & Design Education. Mar2025, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p257-282. 26p.
Subjects: Design students, Sequential analysis, Reading strategies, Design exhibitions, Critical thinking, Eye movements
Abstract: Design criticism plays a crucial role in fostering critical thinking and boosting creativity among design students, highlighting its significance in college design education. Engaging with design-related critical materials is a prevalent approach to strengthen design criticism. This study aims to investigate the eye movement strategies employed by both design and non-design students when reading critical materials, aiming to discern their impact on design criticism. A total of 26 product design students (male = 16, female = 10) and 26 non-design students (male = 11, female = 15) participated in the study. The participants wore eye trackers and read two design proposals with critical viewpoints, followed by a critical report for each proposal. Additionally, they completed the Design Criticism Scale. The study compared differences between design and non-design students, explored correlations among various factors, and conducted a lag sequential analysis of eye movement behaviors. Design students outperformed non-design students in personal insights and self-evaluation of design criticism. Compared to non-design students, design students exhibited a higher focus on the images during reading, as evidenced by more fixations shifting from other regions to the images. The degree of attention to images was positively correlated with personal insights. Design students' design criticism skills were positively correlated with the recall of perspectives, whereas non-design students' design criticism skills were positively associated with personal insights. The focus on images played a pivotal role in the formation of critical thinking. Additionally, the study offers recommendations for enhancing university design education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Technology & Design Education is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Data: Design criticism and eye movement strategy in reading: a comparative study of design and non-design students.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mao%2C+Yongchun%22">Mao, Yongchun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ycmao@qlu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ban%2C+Shuo%22">Ban, Shuo</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Guolin%22">Zhang, Guolin</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Technology+%26+Design+Education%22">International Journal of Technology & Design Education</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 35 Issue 1, p257-282. 26p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Design+students%22">Design students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sequential+analysis%22">Sequential analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reading+strategies%22">Reading strategies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Design+exhibitions%22">Design exhibitions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Critical+thinking%22">Critical thinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eye+movements%22">Eye movements</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Design criticism plays a crucial role in fostering critical thinking and boosting creativity among design students, highlighting its significance in college design education. Engaging with design-related critical materials is a prevalent approach to strengthen design criticism. This study aims to investigate the eye movement strategies employed by both design and non-design students when reading critical materials, aiming to discern their impact on design criticism. A total of 26 product design students (male = 16, female = 10) and 26 non-design students (male = 11, female = 15) participated in the study. The participants wore eye trackers and read two design proposals with critical viewpoints, followed by a critical report for each proposal. Additionally, they completed the Design Criticism Scale. The study compared differences between design and non-design students, explored correlations among various factors, and conducted a lag sequential analysis of eye movement behaviors. Design students outperformed non-design students in personal insights and self-evaluation of design criticism. Compared to non-design students, design students exhibited a higher focus on the images during reading, as evidenced by more fixations shifting from other regions to the images. The degree of attention to images was positively correlated with personal insights. Design students' design criticism skills were positively correlated with the recall of perspectives, whereas non-design students' design criticism skills were positively associated with personal insights. The focus on images played a pivotal role in the formation of critical thinking. Additionally, the study offers recommendations for enhancing university design education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Technology & Design Education is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10798-024-09893-7
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Reading strategies
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      – SubjectFull: Design exhibitions
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      – SubjectFull: Eye movements
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              Text: Mar2025
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