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3D basin modeling of the Lower Saxony Basin, Germany: the role of overpressure in Mesozoic claystones with implications for nuclear waste storage.

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Title: 3D basin modeling of the Lower Saxony Basin, Germany: the role of overpressure in Mesozoic claystones with implications for nuclear waste storage.
Authors: Castro-Vera, Leidy1,2 (AUTHOR), Gaus, Garri1,3 (AUTHOR) garri.gaus@emr.rwth-aachen.de, Colling Cassel, Marlise1 (AUTHOR), Amberg, Sebastian1 (AUTHOR), Littke, Ralf1 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Earth Sciences. Mar2025, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p221-247. 27p.
Subjects: Waste storage, Earth sciences, Radioactive wastes, Tonsteins, Geology, Geodynamics
Geographic Terms: Lower Saxony (Germany)
Abstract: Jurassic and Cretaceous organic-lean claystone formations in the Lower Saxony Basin (LSB), Germany, are considered for nuclear waste storage due to their favorable physical properties. Understanding the burial and thermal history of these formations, including overpressure generation and its impact, is crucial for site selection. Past undetected overpressures may result in erroneous estimation of present-day petrophysical properties. Therefore, this study investigates the evolution and spatial distribution of overpressure in claystones in northern Germany on a rather large scale, focusing on Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous units. Utilizing 3D numerical basin modeling, this study: (i) reconstructs the geodynamic evolution of the LSB, (ii) identifies key mechanisms driving overpressure during burial, (iii) detects areas of high pore-to-lithostatic pressure ratios susceptible to fracturing, and (iv) assesses overpressure's influence on the evolution of petrophysical properties. Results reveal that during the fastest burial phase, overpressure generation began, primarily driven by disequilibrium compaction coupled with gas generation, peaking around 99 Ma at the basin's depocenter. During the Late Cretaceous uplift, thousands of meters of sediment were eroded within the basin's depocenter, and overpressure dissipated. According to the model, absolute overpressures were higher for Jurassic than Cretaceous claystones, but dissipation was slower for Cretaceous claystones leading to relatively higher pore-to-lithostatic pressure ratios during uplift. During overpressure buildup, the porosity reduction slowed due to undercompaction effects, underscoring overpressure's influence on petrophysical properties. While Pleistocene glaciations caused localized overpressure, they did not impact the petrophysical properties of the assessed units. Glacial-induced erosion, however, is projected to reduce remaining overpressure substantially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: 3D basin modeling of the Lower Saxony Basin, Germany: the role of overpressure in Mesozoic claystones with implications for nuclear waste storage.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Earth+Sciences%22">International Journal of Earth Sciences</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 114 Issue 2, p221-247. 27p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+storage%22">Waste storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earth+sciences%22">Earth sciences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+wastes%22">Radioactive wastes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tonsteins%22">Tonsteins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geology%22">Geology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geodynamics%22">Geodynamics</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lower+Saxony+%28Germany%29%22">Lower Saxony (Germany)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Jurassic and Cretaceous organic-lean claystone formations in the Lower Saxony Basin (LSB), Germany, are considered for nuclear waste storage due to their favorable physical properties. Understanding the burial and thermal history of these formations, including overpressure generation and its impact, is crucial for site selection. Past undetected overpressures may result in erroneous estimation of present-day petrophysical properties. Therefore, this study investigates the evolution and spatial distribution of overpressure in claystones in northern Germany on a rather large scale, focusing on Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous units. Utilizing 3D numerical basin modeling, this study: (i) reconstructs the geodynamic evolution of the LSB, (ii) identifies key mechanisms driving overpressure during burial, (iii) detects areas of high pore-to-lithostatic pressure ratios susceptible to fracturing, and (iv) assesses overpressure's influence on the evolution of petrophysical properties. Results reveal that during the fastest burial phase, overpressure generation began, primarily driven by disequilibrium compaction coupled with gas generation, peaking around 99 Ma at the basin's depocenter. During the Late Cretaceous uplift, thousands of meters of sediment were eroded within the basin's depocenter, and overpressure dissipated. According to the model, absolute overpressures were higher for Jurassic than Cretaceous claystones, but dissipation was slower for Cretaceous claystones leading to relatively higher pore-to-lithostatic pressure ratios during uplift. During overpressure buildup, the porosity reduction slowed due to undercompaction effects, underscoring overpressure's influence on petrophysical properties. While Pleistocene glaciations caused localized overpressure, they did not impact the petrophysical properties of the assessed units. Glacial-induced erosion, however, is projected to reduce remaining overpressure substantially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00531-024-02484-w
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 27
        StartPage: 221
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Waste storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earth sciences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radioactive wastes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tonsteins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geodynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lower Saxony (Germany)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: 3D basin modeling of the Lower Saxony Basin, Germany: the role of overpressure in Mesozoic claystones with implications for nuclear waste storage.
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            NameFull: Castro-Vera, Leidy
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            NameFull: Colling Cassel, Marlise
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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