The Impact of Hybrid Flame Retardant Compositions on the Performance of Foamed Flexible Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites.
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| Title: | The Impact of Hybrid Flame Retardant Compositions on the Performance of Foamed Flexible Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites. |
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| Authors: | Kosmela, Paulina1 (AUTHOR), Olszewski, Adam1 (AUTHOR), Barczewski, Mateusz2 (AUTHOR), Piasecki, Adam3 (AUTHOR), Hejna, Aleksander1,2 (AUTHOR) aleksander.hejna@put.poznan.pl |
| Source: | Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance. Mar2025, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p4203-4216. 14p. |
| Subjects: | Filler materials, Performance of tires, Automobile tires, Fireproofing agents, Urethane foam, Flammability |
| Abstract: | Current sustainability-oriented trends affect polyurethane (PU) materials and stimulate the incorporation of recycled or waste-based materials as fillers. Ground tire rubber (GTR) poses as an auspicious candidate due to the excellent performance of car tires. Despite the benefits related to the mechanical performance, it contributes to the increasing flammability of the resulting composites. Herein, presented work assessed the impact of hybrid flame retardant (FR) combinations of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) or melamine cyanurate (MC) with organophosphorus compounds on the performance of foamed flexible PU/GTR composites. Such works are of vital importance, because matching to the needs of material with the mode of action of particular FRs is quite challenging. Except for the flammability reduction, they also affect structure and performance of composites. Fire resistance was enhanced for all applied FRs compositions; however, APP was found more effective than MC due to the efficient formation of protective char layer. Moreover, introduction of MC induced heterogeneity of cellular structure and excessive stiffening of PU structure, which increased its friability and cells' coalescence, deteriorating thermal insulation performance and damping ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 183974944 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: The Impact of Hybrid Flame Retardant Compositions on the Performance of Foamed Flexible Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kosmela%2C+Paulina%22">Kosmela, Paulina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olszewski%2C+Adam%22">Olszewski, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barczewski%2C+Mateusz%22">Barczewski, Mateusz</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Piasecki%2C+Adam%22">Piasecki, Adam</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hejna%2C+Aleksander%22">Hejna, Aleksander</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> aleksander.hejna@put.poznan.pl</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Engineering+%26+Performance%22">Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 34 Issue 5, p4203-4216. 14p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Filler+materials%22">Filler materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Performance+of+tires%22">Performance of tires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automobile+tires%22">Automobile tires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fireproofing+agents%22">Fireproofing agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urethane+foam%22">Urethane foam</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flammability%22">Flammability</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Current sustainability-oriented trends affect polyurethane (PU) materials and stimulate the incorporation of recycled or waste-based materials as fillers. Ground tire rubber (GTR) poses as an auspicious candidate due to the excellent performance of car tires. Despite the benefits related to the mechanical performance, it contributes to the increasing flammability of the resulting composites. Herein, presented work assessed the impact of hybrid flame retardant (FR) combinations of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) or melamine cyanurate (MC) with organophosphorus compounds on the performance of foamed flexible PU/GTR composites. Such works are of vital importance, because matching to the needs of material with the mode of action of particular FRs is quite challenging. Except for the flammability reduction, they also affect structure and performance of composites. Fire resistance was enhanced for all applied FRs compositions; however, APP was found more effective than MC due to the efficient formation of protective char layer. Moreover, introduction of MC induced heterogeneity of cellular structure and excessive stiffening of PU structure, which increased its friability and cells' coalescence, deteriorating thermal insulation performance and damping ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11665-024-09362-1 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 14 StartPage: 4203 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Filler materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Performance of tires Type: general – SubjectFull: Automobile tires Type: general – SubjectFull: Fireproofing agents Type: general – SubjectFull: Urethane foam Type: general – SubjectFull: Flammability Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: The Impact of Hybrid Flame Retardant Compositions on the Performance of Foamed Flexible Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kosmela, Paulina – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Olszewski, Adam – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barczewski, Mateusz – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Piasecki, Adam – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hejna, Aleksander IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10599495 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 34 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
