Considerations and recommendations from the ISMRM diffusion study group for preclinical diffusion MRI: Part 1: In vivo small‐animal imaging.

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Title: Considerations and recommendations from the ISMRM diffusion study group for preclinical diffusion MRI: Part 1: In vivo small‐animal imaging.
Authors: Jelescu, Ileana O.1,2 (AUTHOR) ileana.jelescu@chuv.ch, Grussu, Francesco3,4 (AUTHOR), Ianus, Andrada5,6 (AUTHOR), Hansen, Brian7 (AUTHOR), Barrett, Rachel L. C.8,9 (AUTHOR), Aggarwal, Manisha10 (AUTHOR), Michielse, Stijn11 (AUTHOR), Nasrallah, Fatima12 (AUTHOR), Syeda, Warda13 (AUTHOR), Wang, Nian14,15 (AUTHOR), Veraart, Jelle16 (AUTHOR), Roebroeck, Alard17 (AUTHOR), Bagdasarian, Andrew F.18,19 (AUTHOR), Eichner, Cornelius20 (AUTHOR), Sepehrband, Farshid21 (AUTHOR), Zimmermann, Jan22 (AUTHOR), Soustelle, Lucas23 (AUTHOR), Bowman, Christien24,25 (AUTHOR), Tendler, Benjamin C.26 (AUTHOR), Hertanu, Andreea1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Jun2025, Vol. 93 Issue 6, p2507-2534. 28p.
Subjects: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, Medical sciences, Comparative anatomy, Open scholarship, Central nervous system
Abstract: Small‐animal diffusion MRI (dMRI) has been used for methodological development and validation, characterizing the biological basis of diffusion phenomena, and comparative anatomy. The steps from animal setup and monitoring, to acquisition, analysis, and interpretation are complex, with many decisions that may ultimately affect what questions can be answered using the resultant data. This work aims to present selected considerations and recommendations from the diffusion community on best practices for preclinical dMRI of in vivo animals. We describe the general considerations and foundational knowledge that must be considered when designing experiments. We briefly describe differences in animal species and disease models and discuss why some may be more or less appropriate for different studies. We, then, give recommendations for in vivo acquisition protocols, including decisions on hardware, animal preparation, and imaging sequences, followed by advice for data processing including preprocessing, model‐fitting, and tractography. Finally, we provide an online resource that lists publicly available preclinical dMRI datasets and software packages to promote responsible and reproducible research. In each section, we attempt to provide guides and recommendations, but also highlight areas for which no guidelines exist (and why), and where future work should focus. Although we mainly cover the central nervous system (on which most preclinical dMRI studies are focused), we also provide, where possible and applicable, recommendations for other organs of interest. An overarching goal is to enhance the rigor and reproducibility of small animal dMRI acquisitions and analyses, and thereby advance biomedical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Considerations and recommendations from the ISMRM diffusion study group for preclinical diffusion MRI: Part 1: In vivo small‐animal imaging.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Magnetic+Resonance+in+Medicine%22">Magnetic Resonance in Medicine</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 93 Issue 6, p2507-2534. 28p.
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  Data: Small‐animal diffusion MRI (dMRI) has been used for methodological development and validation, characterizing the biological basis of diffusion phenomena, and comparative anatomy. The steps from animal setup and monitoring, to acquisition, analysis, and interpretation are complex, with many decisions that may ultimately affect what questions can be answered using the resultant data. This work aims to present selected considerations and recommendations from the diffusion community on best practices for preclinical dMRI of in vivo animals. We describe the general considerations and foundational knowledge that must be considered when designing experiments. We briefly describe differences in animal species and disease models and discuss why some may be more or less appropriate for different studies. We, then, give recommendations for in vivo acquisition protocols, including decisions on hardware, animal preparation, and imaging sequences, followed by advice for data processing including preprocessing, model‐fitting, and tractography. Finally, we provide an online resource that lists publicly available preclinical dMRI datasets and software packages to promote responsible and reproducible research. In each section, we attempt to provide guides and recommendations, but also highlight areas for which no guidelines exist (and why), and where future work should focus. Although we mainly cover the central nervous system (on which most preclinical dMRI studies are focused), we also provide, where possible and applicable, recommendations for other organs of interest. An overarching goal is to enhance the rigor and reproducibility of small animal dMRI acquisitions and analyses, and thereby advance biomedical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mrm.30429
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