Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: J. Mattiasson Bjuggren et al.
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| Title: | Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: J. Mattiasson Bjuggren et al. |
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| Authors: | Mattiasson Bjuggren, Jonas1 (AUTHOR) jonas.mattiassonbjuggren@newcastle.edu.au, Marsh, Tomas1 (AUTHOR), Al-Ahmad, Alaa1 (AUTHOR), Sivunova, Kamilla1 (AUTHOR), Bonham, Mitchell1 (AUTHOR), Clifton, Sam2 (AUTHOR), Nicolaidis, Nicolas1 (AUTHOR), Belcher, Warwick1 (AUTHOR), Dastoor, Paul1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Electronic Materials. May2025, Vol. 54 Issue 5, p3801-3810. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Chemical laws, Chemical engineers, Legal costs, Photovoltaic power generation, Materials science |
| Abstract: | The field of organic photovoltaics (OPV) has delivered significant performance increases through the development of donor polymers and non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, these improvements have come at the expense of increased synthetic complexity, reduced scalability, and consequently higher cost. By contrast, the development of commercial OPV technology requires scalable donor–acceptor materials, which can achieve a competitive levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). As such, if OPV technology is to become commercially viable, synthetic accessibility, quantification of cost, and active layer contribution to LCOE need to be considered. This paper presents three case studies examining the cost of materials (COM) for two polymer donors (poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′]dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-T) and poly[2,2⁗-bis[[(2-butyloctyl)oxy]carbonyl][2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2‴-quaterthiophene]-5,5‴-diyl] (PDCBT)), and one non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) (3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (ITIC)). Published synthesis procedures for these materials were investigated to determine laboratory-scale COM. This analysis revealed that the NFA was significantly more expensive (~five-fold) than the cheapest donor material. Consequently, the ITIC synthesis was experimentally optimized (ITIC-Exp), delivering a significant (~six-fold) reduction in COM. Finally, bulk-scale COM was calculated based on established cost scaling laws for speciality chemicals. The effect of laboratory- and bulk-scale COM upon the LCOE for OPV modules printed at commercial scale was determined. This work highlights the finding that, at laboratory scale, a COM of $60 g−1 represents a reasonable active layer cost benchmark for competitive LCOE. This study further reveals that at bulk scale, a highly competitive LCOE ($0.13–$0.08) is achievable for the optimal donor–acceptor pair (PDCBT-DArP:ITIC-Exp) at modest efficiency (3–5%) and lifetime (3–5 years). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Electronic Materials is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: J. Mattiasson Bjuggren et al. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mattiasson+Bjuggren%2C+Jonas%22">Mattiasson Bjuggren, Jonas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jonas.mattiassonbjuggren@newcastle.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marsh%2C+Tomas%22">Marsh, Tomas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Ahmad%2C+Alaa%22">Al-Ahmad, Alaa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sivunova%2C+Kamilla%22">Sivunova, Kamilla</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bonham%2C+Mitchell%22">Bonham, Mitchell</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clifton%2C+Sam%22">Clifton, Sam</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nicolaidis%2C+Nicolas%22">Nicolaidis, Nicolas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Belcher%2C+Warwick%22">Belcher, Warwick</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dastoor%2C+Paul%22">Dastoor, Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Electronic+Materials%22">Journal of Electronic Materials</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 54 Issue 5, p3801-3810. 10p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+laws%22">Chemical laws</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+engineers%22">Chemical engineers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Legal+costs%22">Legal costs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photovoltaic+power+generation%22">Photovoltaic power generation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials+science%22">Materials science</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The field of organic photovoltaics (OPV) has delivered significant performance increases through the development of donor polymers and non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, these improvements have come at the expense of increased synthetic complexity, reduced scalability, and consequently higher cost. By contrast, the development of commercial OPV technology requires scalable donor–acceptor materials, which can achieve a competitive levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). As such, if OPV technology is to become commercially viable, synthetic accessibility, quantification of cost, and active layer contribution to LCOE need to be considered. This paper presents three case studies examining the cost of materials (COM) for two polymer donors (poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′]dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-T) and poly[2,2⁗-bis[[(2-butyloctyl)oxy]carbonyl][2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2‴-quaterthiophene]-5,5‴-diyl] (PDCBT)), and one non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) (3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene (ITIC)). Published synthesis procedures for these materials were investigated to determine laboratory-scale COM. This analysis revealed that the NFA was significantly more expensive (~five-fold) than the cheapest donor material. Consequently, the ITIC synthesis was experimentally optimized (ITIC-Exp), delivering a significant (~six-fold) reduction in COM. Finally, bulk-scale COM was calculated based on established cost scaling laws for speciality chemicals. The effect of laboratory- and bulk-scale COM upon the LCOE for OPV modules printed at commercial scale was determined. This work highlights the finding that, at laboratory scale, a COM of $60 g−1 represents a reasonable active layer cost benchmark for competitive LCOE. This study further reveals that at bulk scale, a highly competitive LCOE ($0.13–$0.08) is achievable for the optimal donor–acceptor pair (PDCBT-DArP:ITIC-Exp) at modest efficiency (3–5%) and lifetime (3–5 years). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Electronic Materials is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11664-025-11826-6 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 3801 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Chemical laws Type: general – SubjectFull: Chemical engineers Type: general – SubjectFull: Legal costs Type: general – SubjectFull: Photovoltaic power generation Type: general – SubjectFull: Materials science Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: Determining the Cost of Organic Photovoltaic Material and Its Impact on the Levelized Cost of Electricity: J. Mattiasson Bjuggren et al. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mattiasson Bjuggren, Jonas – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marsh, Tomas – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Al-Ahmad, Alaa – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sivunova, Kamilla – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bonham, Mitchell – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Clifton, Sam – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nicolaidis, Nicolas – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Belcher, Warwick – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dastoor, Paul IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 03615235 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 54 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Electronic Materials Type: main |
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