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Friction and Wear Performances and Mechanisms of Graphite/Copper Composites Under Electrical Contact in Marine Environments.

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Title: Friction and Wear Performances and Mechanisms of Graphite/Copper Composites Under Electrical Contact in Marine Environments.
Authors: Wang, Nenghui1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Chuanfeng2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Wenhu3 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Weiping1,2 (AUTHOR), Wu, Haihong2 (AUTHOR), Li, Hongsheng1,3 (AUTHOR) haiyan_8453@163.com
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Apr2025, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p1516. 16p.
Subjects: Graphite composites, Electric contacts, Marine engineering, Voltage, Electric conductivity
Abstract: Marine environment-induced apparatus failures have led to substantial losses in marine engineering. Graphite/copper composites, known for their excellent electrical conductivity and wear resistance, are extensively utilized in various electric contact devices. However, research on the current-carrying friction and wear behavior of graphite/copper composites in marine environments is still limited. This study investigates the effects of mating materials, graphite content (30 wt.% and 45 wt.%), and electric voltage on the friction and wear mechanisms of graphite/copper composites in seawater. The results show that under seawater coupled with electricity, no mass loss was observed in the 30 wt.% graphite composites after friction tests against different counterparts. Electric voltage (3 V) affects the composite's damage mechanism, inducing delamination wear, arc erosion and accelerating corrosion. Specifically, the electricity factor promotes oxidation recreations while inhibiting chlorine formation. Notably, when the composite is paired with gold-coated copper, it undergoes electrochemical reactions, leading to the formation of needle-like copper oxide. These oxides alter the surface morphology, elevate the mass of worn composites, and raise the friction coefficient of the tribopair to approximately 0.3, an increase from 0.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 184439908
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Friction and Wear Performances and Mechanisms of Graphite/Copper Composites Under Electrical Contact in Marine Environments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Nenghui%22">Wang, Nenghui</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Chuanfeng%22">Wang, Chuanfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Wenhu%22">Xu, Wenhu</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Weiping%22">Cheng, Weiping</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Haihong%22">Wu, Haihong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Hongsheng%22">Li, Hongsheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> haiyan_8453@163.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Apr2025, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p1516. 16p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphite+composites%22">Graphite composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+contacts%22">Electric contacts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Marine+engineering%22">Marine engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Voltage%22">Voltage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+conductivity%22">Electric conductivity</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Marine environment-induced apparatus failures have led to substantial losses in marine engineering. Graphite/copper composites, known for their excellent electrical conductivity and wear resistance, are extensively utilized in various electric contact devices. However, research on the current-carrying friction and wear behavior of graphite/copper composites in marine environments is still limited. This study investigates the effects of mating materials, graphite content (30 wt.% and 45 wt.%), and electric voltage on the friction and wear mechanisms of graphite/copper composites in seawater. The results show that under seawater coupled with electricity, no mass loss was observed in the 30 wt.% graphite composites after friction tests against different counterparts. Electric voltage (3 V) affects the composite's damage mechanism, inducing delamination wear, arc erosion and accelerating corrosion. Specifically, the electricity factor promotes oxidation recreations while inhibiting chlorine formation. Notably, when the composite is paired with gold-coated copper, it undergoes electrochemical reactions, leading to the formation of needle-like copper oxide. These oxides alter the surface morphology, elevate the mass of worn composites, and raise the friction coefficient of the tribopair to approximately 0.3, an increase from 0.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma18071516
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1516
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Graphite composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric contacts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Marine engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Voltage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric conductivity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Friction and Wear Performances and Mechanisms of Graphite/Copper Composites Under Electrical Contact in Marine Environments.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Nenghui
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            NameFull: Wang, Chuanfeng
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Xu, Wenhu
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            NameFull: Cheng, Weiping
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            NameFull: Wu, Haihong
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            NameFull: Li, Hongsheng
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 19961944
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              Value: 18
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              Value: 7
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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