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Segmental Mobility, Interfacial Polymer, Crystallization and Conductivity Study in Polylactides Filled with Hybrid Lignin-CNT Particles.

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Title: Segmental Mobility, Interfacial Polymer, Crystallization and Conductivity Study in Polylactides Filled with Hybrid Lignin-CNT Particles.
Authors: Klonos, Panagiotis A.1,2 (AUTHOR) pklonos@central.ntua.gr, Ioannidis, Rafail O.2 (AUTHOR), Pitsavas, Andreas2,3 (AUTHOR), Bikiaris, Nikolaos D.2,4 (AUTHOR), Makri, Sofia P.1,3 (AUTHOR), Koutsourea, Stefania2,3 (AUTHOR), Grigoropoulos, Alexios3 (AUTHOR), Deligkiozi, Ioanna4 (AUTHOR), Zoikis-Karathanasis, Alexandros3 (AUTHOR), Kyritsis, Apostolos1 (AUTHOR), Bikiaris, Dimitrios N.2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). May2025, Vol. 15 Issue 9, p660. 22p.
Subjects: Printed electronics, Electric conductivity, Conductive ink, Infrared spectroscopy, Printing ink
Abstract: A newly developed series of polylactide (PLA)-based composites filled with hybrid lignin–carbon nanotube (CNTs) particles were studied using thermal and dielectric techniques. The low CNT content (up to 3 wt%) aimed to create conductive networks while enhancing particle–polymer adhesion. For comparison, PLA composites based on lignin and CNTs were also examined. Although infrared spectroscopy showed no significant interactions, calorimetry and dielectric spectroscopy revealed a rigid interfacial PLA layer exhibiting restricted mobility. The interfacial polymer amount was found to increase monotonically with the particle content. The hybrid-filled PLA composites exhibited electrical conductivity, whereas PLA/Lignin and PLA/CNTs remained insulators. The result was indicative of a synergistic effect between lignin and CNTs, leading to lowering of the percolation threshold to 3 wt%, being almost ideal for sustainable conductive printing inks. Despite the addition of lignin and CNTs at different loadings, the glass transition temperature of PLA (60 °C) decreased slightly (softer composites) by 1–2 K in the composites, while the melting temperature remained stable at ~175 °C, favoring efficient processing. Regarding crystallization, which is typically slow in PLA, the hybrid lignin/CNT particles promoted crystal nucleation without increasing the total crystallizable fraction. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of eco-friendly conductive PLA composites for new-generation applications, such as printed electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Segmental Mobility, Interfacial Polymer, Crystallization and Conductivity Study in Polylactides Filled with Hybrid Lignin-CNT Particles.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Printed+electronics%22">Printed electronics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+conductivity%22">Electric conductivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conductive+ink%22">Conductive ink</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infrared+spectroscopy%22">Infrared spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Printing+ink%22">Printing ink</searchLink>
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  Data: A newly developed series of polylactide (PLA)-based composites filled with hybrid lignin–carbon nanotube (CNTs) particles were studied using thermal and dielectric techniques. The low CNT content (up to 3 wt%) aimed to create conductive networks while enhancing particle–polymer adhesion. For comparison, PLA composites based on lignin and CNTs were also examined. Although infrared spectroscopy showed no significant interactions, calorimetry and dielectric spectroscopy revealed a rigid interfacial PLA layer exhibiting restricted mobility. The interfacial polymer amount was found to increase monotonically with the particle content. The hybrid-filled PLA composites exhibited electrical conductivity, whereas PLA/Lignin and PLA/CNTs remained insulators. The result was indicative of a synergistic effect between lignin and CNTs, leading to lowering of the percolation threshold to 3 wt%, being almost ideal for sustainable conductive printing inks. Despite the addition of lignin and CNTs at different loadings, the glass transition temperature of PLA (60 °C) decreased slightly (softer composites) by 1–2 K in the composites, while the melting temperature remained stable at ~175 °C, favoring efficient processing. Regarding crystallization, which is typically slow in PLA, the hybrid lignin/CNT particles promoted crystal nucleation without increasing the total crystallizable fraction. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of eco-friendly conductive PLA composites for new-generation applications, such as printed electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano15090660
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 660
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Printed electronics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric conductivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conductive ink
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      – SubjectFull: Infrared spectroscopy
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      – TitleFull: Segmental Mobility, Interfacial Polymer, Crystallization and Conductivity Study in Polylactides Filled with Hybrid Lignin-CNT Particles.
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              Text: May2025
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