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Emergent collective behavior of cohesive, aligning particles.

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Title: Emergent collective behavior of cohesive, aligning particles.
Authors: Shea, Jeanine1 (AUTHOR) j.shea@tu-berlin.de, Stark, Holger1 (AUTHOR) holger.stark@tu-berlin.de
Source: European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter. May2025, Vol. 48 Issue 4, p1-17. 17p.
Subjects: Collective behavior, Fish schooling, Social cohesion, Torque, Asters, Cohesion
Abstract: Collective behavior is all around us, from flocks of birds to schools of fish. These systems are immensely complex, which makes it pertinent to study their behavior through minimal models. We introduce such a minimal model for cohesive and aligning self-propelled particles in which group cohesion is established through additive, non-reciprocal torques. These torques cause a particle's orientation vector to turn toward its neighbor so that it aligns with the separation vector. We additionally incorporate an alignment torque, which competes with the cohesive torque in the same spatial range. By changing the strength and range of these torque interactions, we uncover six states which we distinguish via their static and dynamic properties: a disperse state, a multiple worm state, a line state, a persistent worm state, a rotary worm state, and an aster state. Their occurrence strongly depends on initial conditions and stochasticity, so the model exhibits multistabilities. A number of the states exhibit collective dynamics which are reminiscent of those seen in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Emergent collective behavior of cohesive, aligning particles.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shea%2C+Jeanine%22">Shea, Jeanine</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> j.shea@tu-berlin.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stark%2C+Holger%22">Stark, Holger</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> holger.stark@tu-berlin.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+E+--+Soft+Matter%22">European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 48 Issue 4, p1-17. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Collective+behavior%22">Collective behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fish+schooling%22">Fish schooling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+cohesion%22">Social cohesion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Torque%22">Torque</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asters%22">Asters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cohesion%22">Cohesion</searchLink>
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  Data: Collective behavior is all around us, from flocks of birds to schools of fish. These systems are immensely complex, which makes it pertinent to study their behavior through minimal models. We introduce such a minimal model for cohesive and aligning self-propelled particles in which group cohesion is established through additive, non-reciprocal torques. These torques cause a particle's orientation vector to turn toward its neighbor so that it aligns with the separation vector. We additionally incorporate an alignment torque, which competes with the cohesive torque in the same spatial range. By changing the strength and range of these torque interactions, we uncover six states which we distinguish via their static and dynamic properties: a disperse state, a multiple worm state, a line state, a persistent worm state, a rotary worm state, and an aster state. Their occurrence strongly depends on initial conditions and stochasticity, so the model exhibits multistabilities. A number of the states exhibit collective dynamics which are reminiscent of those seen in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal E -- Soft Matter is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1140/epje/s10189-025-00482-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
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      – SubjectFull: Collective behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fish schooling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social cohesion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Torque
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Asters
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      – SubjectFull: Cohesion
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              Text: May2025
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              Y: 2025
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