Gun–Bullet Model-Based Noncovalent Interactions Boosting Visible Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production in Poly Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunctions.

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Title: Gun–Bullet Model-Based Noncovalent Interactions Boosting Visible Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production in Poly Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunctions.
Authors: Li, Yong1 (AUTHOR) liyong_7699@163.com, Tong, Jialu1,2 (AUTHOR), Chai, Zihao1,3 (AUTHOR), Wu, Yuanyuan1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Dongting2,3 (AUTHOR) wangdongting@lcu.edu.cn, Li, Hongbin1,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). May2025, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p1417. 14p.
Subjects: Frontier orbitals, Linear polymers, Hydrogen production, Visible spectra, Charge exchange, Conjugated polymers
Abstract: Linear conjugated polymer photocatalysts are still hampered by challenges involving low charge separation efficiency and poor water dispersibility, which are crucial factors during the photocatalytic water splitting process. Herein, we synthesized Poly thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (PTT) nanoparticles with excellent visible light response characteristic. Subsequently, we constructed the gun–bullet model PTT/graphitic carbon nitride (PTT/g-C3N4) heterojunctions for photocatalytic hydrogen production, where PTT with good visible light response characteristic serves as the bullets and g-C3N4 with good water dispersibility serves as the guns. The as-prepared PTT/g-C3N4 heterojunctions show greatly accelerated charge separation and excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production performance. Specifically, 10PTT/g-C3N4 demonstrates extraordinary hydrogen production performance, reaching 6.56 mmol g−1 h−1 (2 wt% Pt loading, 0.1 M AA as sacrificial agent, λ > 420 nm), calculated to be 15.3 and 22.6 times those of PTT and g-C3N4, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal that the significantly improved performance of PTT/g-C3N4 heterojunctions is ascribed to the accelerated charge transfer, which originates from the C...S/N...S noncovalent interactions among PTT and g-C3N4. The C...S/N...S noncovalent interactions act as an efficient interface charge transmission channel (ICTC), accelerating the steady stream of excited electron transfer from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of PTT to that of g-C3N4. The gun–bullet model heterojunctions proposed here provide a practical strategy for achieving exceptional visible light photocatalytic hydrogen production by combining charge separation with water dispersibility in polymer/polymer heterojunctions via noncovalent interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: Gun–Bullet Model-Based Noncovalent Interactions Boosting Visible Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production in Poly Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunctions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Yong%22">Li, Yong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> liyong_7699@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tong%2C+Jialu%22">Tong, Jialu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chai%2C+Zihao%22">Chai, Zihao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Yuanyuan%22">Wu, Yuanyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Dongting%22">Wang, Dongting</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wangdongting@lcu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Hongbin%22">Li, Hongbin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 17 Issue 10, p1417. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Frontier+orbitals%22">Frontier orbitals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Linear+polymers%22">Linear polymers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrogen+production%22">Hydrogen production</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visible+spectra%22">Visible spectra</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Charge+exchange%22">Charge exchange</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conjugated+polymers%22">Conjugated polymers</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Linear conjugated polymer photocatalysts are still hampered by challenges involving low charge separation efficiency and poor water dispersibility, which are crucial factors during the photocatalytic water splitting process. Herein, we synthesized Poly thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (PTT) nanoparticles with excellent visible light response characteristic. Subsequently, we constructed the gun–bullet model PTT/graphitic carbon nitride (PTT/g-C3N4) heterojunctions for photocatalytic hydrogen production, where PTT with good visible light response characteristic serves as the bullets and g-C3N4 with good water dispersibility serves as the guns. The as-prepared PTT/g-C3N4 heterojunctions show greatly accelerated charge separation and excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production performance. Specifically, 10PTT/g-C3N4 demonstrates extraordinary hydrogen production performance, reaching 6.56 mmol g−1 h−1 (2 wt% Pt loading, 0.1 M AA as sacrificial agent, λ > 420 nm), calculated to be 15.3 and 22.6 times those of PTT and g-C3N4, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal that the significantly improved performance of PTT/g-C3N4 heterojunctions is ascribed to the accelerated charge transfer, which originates from the C...S/N...S noncovalent interactions among PTT and g-C3N4. The C...S/N...S noncovalent interactions act as an efficient interface charge transmission channel (ICTC), accelerating the steady stream of excited electron transfer from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of PTT to that of g-C3N4. The gun–bullet model heterojunctions proposed here provide a practical strategy for achieving exceptional visible light photocatalytic hydrogen production by combining charge separation with water dispersibility in polymer/polymer heterojunctions via noncovalent interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/polym17101417
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1417
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Frontier orbitals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Linear polymers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrogen production
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Visible spectra
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Charge exchange
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conjugated polymers
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Gun–Bullet Model-Based Noncovalent Interactions Boosting Visible Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production in Poly Thieno[3,2-b]Thiophene/Graphitic Carbon Nitride Heterojunctions.
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            NameFull: Li, Yong
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            NameFull: Tong, Jialu
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: May2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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