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Impact of Nano CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 Loading Ratios on the Dielectric and Radiation Shielding Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer.

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Title: Impact of Nano CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 Loading Ratios on the Dielectric and Radiation Shielding Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer.
Authors: Heiba, Zein K.1 (AUTHOR), Mohamed, Mohamed Bakr1,2 (AUTHOR) mbm1977@yahoo.com, Badawi, Ali3 (AUTHOR) daraghmeh@tu.edu.sa
Source: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics. 2025, Vol. 64 Issue 7, p747-762. 16p.
Subjects: Attenuation coefficients, Electron microscope techniques, Radiation shielding, Photoelectric effect, Energy density
Abstract: Our research described in this paper was aimed to modify the dielectric and radiation shielding characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/x wt % CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 (CFEO) composites to be used in modern applications. PVC polymer loaded with nano CFEO were fabricated by a casting process. The structural and morphological attributes of PVC/x wt % CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 composites were evaluated utilizing X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The dielectric characteristics were evaluated via an Inductance, L, Capacitance, C, and Resistance, R (LCR) meter bridge. The dielectric constant and ac conductivity of PVC exhibited a maximum value when it was doped with 1 wt % CFEO. The energy density of the PVC polymer exhibited an irregular drop after being doped with various ratio amounts of CFEO. The radiation shielding aspects were investigated applying the Phy-X/Photon Shielding and Dosimetry (PSD) software. All samples exhibited relatively elevated mass-attenuation coefficient (MAC) values: x = 0 (10.45 cm2/g), x = 0.5 (12.2 cm2/g), x = 1 (13.88 cm2/g), x = 2 (17.07 cm2/g), and x = 3 (20.05 cm2/g) at lower energies, specifically 15 keV, signifying a pronounced photoelectric effect. The MAC rose from 0.0898 cm2/g (x = 0) to 0.0918 cm2/g (x = 5) as the energy rose to 0.5 MeV. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values at 15 keV for all composites exhibit a notable rise with elevated concentrations of CFEO doping: 14.63, 17.35, 20.07, 25.45, and 30.80 cm−1 for samples with x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt%, respectively. At 15 keV, the mean-free path (MFP) values for samples with x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt % were approximately 0.068, 0.058, 0.049, 0.039, and 0.033 cm, respectively. At 1 MeV, the MFP value for the same samples increased to 10.934, 10.774, 10.618, 10.318 and 10.035 cm, respectively. The effects of doping amount on the Exposure Buildup Factor (EBF) and the Energy Absorption Buildup Factor (EABF) were also explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Impact of Nano CoFe<subscript>1.75</subscript>Er<subscript>0.25</subscript>O<subscript>4</subscript> Loading Ratios on the Dielectric and Radiation Shielding Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heiba%2C+Zein+K%2E%22">Heiba, Zein K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohamed%2C+Mohamed+Bakr%22">Mohamed, Mohamed Bakr</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mbm1977@yahoo.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Badawi%2C+Ali%22">Badawi, Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> daraghmeh@tu.edu.sa</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Macromolecular+Science%3A+Physics%22">Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 64 Issue 7, p747-762. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attenuation+coefficients%22">Attenuation coefficients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+microscope+techniques%22">Electron microscope techniques</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiation+shielding%22">Radiation shielding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photoelectric+effect%22">Photoelectric effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+density%22">Energy density</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Our research described in this paper was aimed to modify the dielectric and radiation shielding characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/x wt % CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 (CFEO) composites to be used in modern applications. PVC polymer loaded with nano CFEO were fabricated by a casting process. The structural and morphological attributes of PVC/x wt % CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 composites were evaluated utilizing X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The dielectric characteristics were evaluated via an Inductance, L, Capacitance, C, and Resistance, R (LCR) meter bridge. The dielectric constant and ac conductivity of PVC exhibited a maximum value when it was doped with 1 wt % CFEO. The energy density of the PVC polymer exhibited an irregular drop after being doped with various ratio amounts of CFEO. The radiation shielding aspects were investigated applying the Phy-X/Photon Shielding and Dosimetry (PSD) software. All samples exhibited relatively elevated mass-attenuation coefficient (MAC) values: x = 0 (10.45 cm2/g), x = 0.5 (12.2 cm2/g), x = 1 (13.88 cm2/g), x = 2 (17.07 cm2/g), and x = 3 (20.05 cm2/g) at lower energies, specifically 15 keV, signifying a pronounced photoelectric effect. The MAC rose from 0.0898 cm2/g (x = 0) to 0.0918 cm2/g (x = 5) as the energy rose to 0.5 MeV. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values at 15 keV for all composites exhibit a notable rise with elevated concentrations of CFEO doping: 14.63, 17.35, 20.07, 25.45, and 30.80 cm−1 for samples with x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt%, respectively. At 15 keV, the mean-free path (MFP) values for samples with x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt % were approximately 0.068, 0.058, 0.049, 0.039, and 0.033 cm, respectively. At 1 MeV, the MFP value for the same samples increased to 10.934, 10.774, 10.618, 10.318 and 10.035 cm, respectively. The effects of doping amount on the Exposure Buildup Factor (EBF) and the Energy Absorption Buildup Factor (EABF) were also explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00222348.2025.2452022
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 747
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Attenuation coefficients
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron microscope techniques
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiation shielding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photoelectric effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy density
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Impact of Nano CoFe1.75Er0.25O4 Loading Ratios on the Dielectric and Radiation Shielding Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Polymer.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Heiba, Zein K.
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            NameFull: Mohamed, Mohamed Bakr
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            NameFull: Badawi, Ali
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: 2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics
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