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A cross‐country analysis and comparison of the technical efficiency of higher education systems.

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Title: A cross‐country analysis and comparison of the technical efficiency of higher education systems.
Authors: del Corral, Julio1 (AUTHOR) julio.corral@uclm.es, de la Torre, Eva M.2,3 (AUTHOR) eva.torre@uam.es, Solís, Daniel4 (AUTHOR) daniel.solis@famu.edu, Moraga‐Fernández, María5,6 (AUTHOR) maria.moraga-fernandez@etu.univ-paris1.fr
Source: International Transactions in Operational Research. Nov2025, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p3965-4007. 43p.
Subjects: Stochastic systems, Western countries, Higher education, Language ability, Dependent variables
Abstract: The study of the performance of primary and secondary educational institutions has gained popularity in recent years, but cross‐country evaluations of higher education (HE) systems remain rare. This study aims to fill this gap by assessing the technical efficiency (TE) of 87 national HE systems using stochastic production frontier models. The empirical model considers, for each country, the number of universities in the 2023 SCImago Institutions Ranking (SIR) by knowledge areas as the dependent variable, and GDP, R&D expenditures, and national English proficiency as explanatory variables. To offer a comprehensive analysis, the model is applied across all SIR ranking levels. Results show that Western countries generally lead in TE, but three performance profiles emerge: countries that concentrate their resources on a few HE institutions (efficient at the top SIR levels), others with homogeneous HE institutions (high TE across all levels), and low‐performance HE systems. Policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Transactions in Operational Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A cross‐country analysis and comparison of the technical efficiency of higher education systems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Transactions+in+Operational+Research%22">International Transactions in Operational Research</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p3965-4007. 43p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stochastic+systems%22">Stochastic systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Western+countries%22">Western countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Higher+education%22">Higher education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+ability%22">Language ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dependent+variables%22">Dependent variables</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: The study of the performance of primary and secondary educational institutions has gained popularity in recent years, but cross‐country evaluations of higher education (HE) systems remain rare. This study aims to fill this gap by assessing the technical efficiency (TE) of 87 national HE systems using stochastic production frontier models. The empirical model considers, for each country, the number of universities in the 2023 SCImago Institutions Ranking (SIR) by knowledge areas as the dependent variable, and GDP, R&D expenditures, and national English proficiency as explanatory variables. To offer a comprehensive analysis, the model is applied across all SIR ranking levels. Results show that Western countries generally lead in TE, but three performance profiles emerge: countries that concentrate their resources on a few HE institutions (efficient at the top SIR levels), others with homogeneous HE institutions (high TE across all levels), and low‐performance HE systems. Policy implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Transactions in Operational Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/itor.70013
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Western countries
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      – SubjectFull: Higher education
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      – SubjectFull: Language ability
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      – SubjectFull: Dependent variables
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              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
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              Y: 2025
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